Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2022.
World J Gastroenterol. Jul 28, 2022; 28(28): 3666-3681
Published online Jul 28, 2022. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i28.3666
Table 1 Demographic and clinical features of the two groups before and after infliximab approval

Group A (n = 48)
Group B (n = 62)
P value
Age at diagnosis, yr14.4 (12.2-17.1)15.8 (13.1-16.5)0.574c
Total duration of follow up with treatment, yr4.0 (4.0-5.0)5.5 (3.0-6.9)0.073c
PUCAIa at diagnosis35 (30-65)45 (35-55)0.969c
Hemoglobin at diagnosis, g/dL 12.3 (10.5-14.1)12.1 (9.6-13.5)0.245c
Albumin at diagnosis, g/dL4.3 (4.0-4.6)4.2 (3.9-4.6)0.702c
ESR at diagnosis, mm/h14.5 (7-31.3)20 (7.5-39)0.249c
CRP at diagnosis, mg/dL0.04 (0.03-0.13)0.12 (0.03-0.56)0.791c
Disease extent of Paris classification at diagnosis0.018d
E1 proctitis18 (37.5)13 (21)
E2 left colitis 8 (16.7)8 (12.9)
E3 right colitis6 (12.5)7 (11.3)
E4 pancolitis16 (33.3)34 (54.8)
Mayo endoscopic subscore at diagnosisb0.310d
0 normal or inactive00
1 mild12 (25.0)7 (11.3)
2 moderate26 (54.2)43 (69.4)
3 severe10 (20.8)12 (19.4)
Corticosteroid use at baseline21 (43.8)30 (48.4)0.630d
Corticosteroid-dependent8/21 (38.1)9/30 (30.0)0.550d
Corticosteroid-refractory1/21 (4.8)1/30 (3.3)0.360d
Cumulative number receiving medication by0.211d
3 mo after diagnosis0.453d
5-aminosalicylate48 (100)60 (96.8)
Azathioprine42 (87.5)51 (82.3)
Methotrexate0 (0)1 (1.6)
Cyclosporine1 (2.1)0 (0)
Table 2 Comparison of composition of drugs for treatment and disease states according to colonoscopy findings 2 and 5 yr after diagnosis before (group A) and after (group B) infliximab approval

Group A (n = 48)
Group B (n = 62)
P value
Maintenance treatment 2 year after diagnosis
None05 (8.1)0.045
5-Aminosalicylate47 (97.9)46 (74.2)0.001
Azathioprine43 (89.6)36 (58.1)0.001
Infliximab034 (54.8)< 0.001
Adalimumab00
Vedolizumab00
Ustekinumab 00
Tofacitinib00
Disease extent of Paris classification 2 years after diagnosis0.012b
Remission14 (29.2)31 (50.0)
E1 proctitis13 (27.1)11 (17.7)
E2 left colitis 2 (4.2)8 (12.9)
E3 right colitis6 (12.5)8 (12.9)
E4 pancolitis13 (27.1)4 (6.5)
Mayo endoscopic subscore 2 years after diagnosisa0.037b
0 normal or inactive15 (24.2)33 (53.2)
1 mild24 (50.0)21 (33.9)
2 moderate8 (16.7)8 (12.9)
3 severe1 (2.1)0
Group A (n = 24)Group B (n = 31)P value
Maintenance treatment 5 year after diagnosis
None2 (8.3)5 (16.1)0.394
5-aminosalicylate21 (87.5)15 (48.4)0.003
Azathioprine14 (58.3)14 (45.2)0.337
Infliximab018 (58.1)< 0.001
Adalimumab02 (6.5)
Vedolizumab01 (3.2)
Ustekinumab 00
Tofacitinib00
Disease extent of Paris classification 5 years after diagnosis0.016b
Remission3 (12.5)13 (41.9)
E1 proctitis9 (37.5)9 (29.0)
E2 left colitis 3 (12.5)4 (12.9)
E3 right colitis2 (8.3)2 (6.5)
E4 pancolitis7 (29.2)3 (9.7)
Mayo endoscopic subscore 5 years after diagnosisa< 0.001b
0 normal or inactive3 (12.5)13 (41.9)
1 mild6 (25.0)16 (51.6)
2 moderate14 (58.3)2 (6.5)
3 severe1 (4.2)0
Table 3 Clinical outcomes during the total follow-up period before (group A) and after (group B) infliximab approval

Group A (n = 48)
Group B (n = 62)
P value
Number of relapsed patients23 (47.9)16 (25.8)0.027b
Cumulative total relapses40220.006b
Number of relapses per person1.741.38
Number of relapses per person per year0.440.25
First relapse interval from diagnosis, yr1.20 (0.60-2.50)1.95 (1.35-3.93)0.194b
Each relapse interval, yr1.30 (0.60-3.55)1.70 (1.00-4.20)0.943b
Initial disease extent of relapsed patients 0.080c
E1 proctitis7 (30.4)0
E2 left colitis 2 (8.7)0
E3 right colitis3 (13.0)2 (12.5)
E4 pancolitis11 (47.8)14 (87.5)
Number of hospitalizations per person 0.130.180.964b
Median PUCAIa during treatment period 10 (5-20)5 (3.75-15)< 0.001b
Median PUCAIa at the time of relapse65 (52.5-75)45 (45-55)< 0.001b
Median cumulative corticosteroid free period3.0 (2.6-3.7)4.4 (3.1-6.0)< 0.001b
Number of cumulative colectomies110
Table 4 Univariable and multivariable analysis of the association between relapse rate and other factors
ParameterUnivariable analysisb
Multivariable analysisb
Pr > ChiSq
HR
95%CIc of HR
Pr > ChiSq
HR
95%CIc of HR
Age at diagnosis, yr (< 10 yr)0.0630.4340.6423.714
Disease extent at diagnosis0.317
E210.7860.1943.185a
E311.0970.5552.166a
E40.3741.7581.0582.921a
Corticosteroid uses at baseline (Yes)0.0102.1111.2013.7120.1091.6820.8903.176
Mayo endoscopic subscore at diagnosis (> 2 Moderate)< 0.0012.4961.4784.2170.0152.1081.1573.843
PUCAId at diagnosis (> 45)0.5581.2020.6502.222