Geographic differences in low-dose aspirin-associated gastroduodenal mucosal injury

Table 1 Differences in the prevalence of endoscopic ulcers and erosions in low-dose aspirin users between Western countries and Japan

Ref.	Countries	Study design	Sample size	Definition of ulcers	Prevalence of ulcers	Prevalence of ulcers and/or erosions
Kordecki et al[11], 1997	Poland	Prospective	96	Greater than 5 mm	-	68.0%
Pilotto et al[12], 2004	Italy	Prospective	245		25.7%	-
Yeomans et al[13], 2005	Australia, United Kingdom Canada, Spain,	Prospective	187	Greater than 3 mm	10.7%	-
Niv et al[14], 2005	Israel	Prospective	46	Greater than 3 mm	39.1%	47.8%
Subtotal			478 ulcers, 142 ulcers and/or erosions		21.1%	61.2%
Shiotani et al[15], 2009	Japan	Prospective	305	Greater than 5 mm	12.4%	-
Nema et al[16], 2009	Japan	Prospective	236	Greater than 5 mm	11.0%	48.4%
Kawai et al[17], 2010	Japan	Prospective	101	Greater than 3 mm	15.8%	-
Tamura et al[18], 2011	Japan	Prospective	150	Greater than 3 mm	4.0%	37.3%
Fujisawa et al[19], 2011	Japan	Retrospective	1213	Greater than 5 mm	5.9%	57.3%
Kawamura et al[20], 2013	Japan	Retrospective	226	Greater than 5 mm	6.2%	-
Uemura et al[21], 2014	Japan	Prospective	1454	Greater than 5 mm	6.5%	29.2%
Subtotal			3685 for ulcers, 3053 for ulcers and/or erosions		7.2%	36.1%

Table 2 Diverse effects of Helicobacter pylori infection on low-dose aspirin-induced gastroduodenal injury between Western countries and Japan n (%)

Ref.	Countries	Subjects	Study design	Outcomes	Prevalence of outcomes(H. pylori-positive vs -negative)
Kordecki et al[11], 1997	Poland	96 chronic LDA users	Observational	Endoscopic ulcers and erosions	49 (75) vs 11 (35)
Feldman et al[22], 2001	United States	61 healthy volunteers	Interventional study (LDA vs placebo)	Endoscopic ulcers and erosions	11 (50) vs 4 (16)
Lanas et al[23], 2002	Spain	245 chronic LDA users	Case-control	Upper gastrointestinal bleeding	88 (46) vs 10 (18)
Pilotto et al[12], 2004	Italy	245 chronic LDA users	Observational	Endoscopic ulcers	41 (37) vs 21 (16)
Hart et al[31], 2010	Australia, United Kingdom Canada, Spain,	206 chronic LDA users	Observational	Endoscopic erosions	27 (40) vs 78 (64)
Shiotani et al[15], 2009	Japan	305 chronic LDA users	Observational	Endoscopic ulcers	22 (13) vs 16 (12)
Tamura et al[18], 2011	Japan	150 asymptomatic chronic LDA users	Observational	Endoscopic ulcers	3 (4.4) vs 3 (3.7)
Watanabe et al[24], 2011	Japan	75 chronic LDA users	Observational	Endoscopic ulcers	7 (20) vs 8 (19)
Uemura et al[21], 2014	Japan	1454 chronic LDA users	Observational	Endoscopic ulcers	59 (8.4) vs 35 (4.6)
				Endoscopic erosions	132 (19) vs 293 (39)
Iijima et al[25], 2015	Japan	100 chronic LDA users	Observational	Endoscopic ulcers	10 (17) vs 5 (13)

H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori; LDA: Low-dose aspirin.