Characterization of focal liver masses using acoustic radiation force impulse elastography

Table 1 Characteristics and acoustic radiation force impulse values of focal liver masses

Variables	Total masses (n = 47)	HCC (n = 24)	CCC (n = 7)	Metastases (n = 8)	Hemangioma (n = 5)	FNH (n = 3)
Histologic confirmation	34 (72.3)	15 (62.5)	7 (100)	8 (100)	1 (20.0)	3 (100)
Size, cm	5.0 (1.4-20.5)	4.9 (1.4-18.3)	9.4 (7.4-18.8)	8.0 (1.6-20.5)	1.9 (1.5-4.7)	2.7 (2.0-3.0)
Depth, cm	5.6 (2.7-7.8)	5.7 (2.7-7.8)	6.4 (4.8-7.2)	4.9 (3.5-7.6)	5.3 (4.5-6.5)	5.6 (2.8-7.8)
Right/left lobe	34 (72.3)/13 (27.7)	19 (79.2)/5 (20.8)	5 (71.4)/2 (28.6)	5 (62.5)/3 (37.5)	4 (80.0)/1 (20.0)	1 (33.3)/2 (66.7)
ARFI value, m/s
Masses	2.23 ± 0.98	2.48 ± 0.84	1.65 ± 1.43	2.35 ± 1.18	1.83 ± 0.62	0.97 ± 0.48
Surrounding parenchyma	1.83 ± 0.73	2.14 ± 0.59	1.07 ± 0.49	1.45 ± 0.51	1.10 ± 0.14	1.63 ± 0.40
P value	0.029	0.134	0.015	0.043	0.013	0.581

Data was expressed as median (range) or n (%). HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; CCC: Cholangiocellular carcinoma; FNH: Focal nodular hyperplasia; ARFI: Acoustic radiation force impulse.

Table 2 Optimal cutoff acoustic radiation force impulse values and corresponding diagnostic indices for discriminating malignant masses and hepatocellular carcinoma from benign liver masses

	Malignant vs benign		HCC vs benign
	Masses	Masses with surrounding liver parenchyma	Masses	Masses with surrounding liver parenchyma
Cutoff ARFI value, m/s	1.821	3.722	1.821	3.792
AUROC (95%CI)	0.724 (0.566-0.883)	0.853 (0.745-0.960)	0.813 (0.649-0.976)	0.948 (0.896-0.992)
Sensitivity, %	71.8	71.8	79.2	87.5
Specificity, %	75.0	100	75.0	100
Positive predictive value, %	93.3	100	90.5	100
Negative predictive value, %	35.3	42.1	54.5	72.9

¹ARFI value of a focal liver mass;

²Sum of ARFI values of focal liver mass and surrounding liver parenchyma. ARFI: Acoustic radiation force impulse; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; AUROC: Area under the receiver operating characteristics; CI: Confidence intervals.