Topic Highlight
Copyright ©2011 Baishideng Publishing Group Co.
World J Gastroenterol. Jun 14, 2011; 17(22): 2723-2733
Published online Jun 14, 2011. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i22.2723
Table 1 Putting comorbidity into context: secondary health problems in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Extraintestinal manifestationsAdverse effects of treatmentsComorbid conditionsDirect consequences of the disease
Peripheral and axial arthritisSteroids: cataracts, glaucoma, mood changes, osteoporosis…CardiovascularAbdominal and retroperitoneal scarring: hydronephrosis, intestinal obstruction, female infecundity…
Erythema nodosum, pyoderma gangrenosum, oral aphtaeImmunosuppressors: infections, neoplasia, liver toxicity, myelosuppression…Hepatic, biliary, pancreatic, digestiveConsequences of intestinal resection: malabsorption, short bowel syndrome, oxalate nephrolithiasis
Uveitis, episcleritis, blepharitisBiologics: infections, neoplasia, demyelinizing disease, infusionMetabolic: obesityPersistent inflammation: osteoporosis, amyloidosis
Primary sclerosing cholangitisReactions, drug-induced lupusNeuropsychiatric
Table 2 Acquired thrombotic risk factors in inflammatory bowel disease
Inflammation
Immobility (surgery or hospitalization)
Surgery
Fluid depletion
Central venous catheters
Drug therapy: Corticosteroids, anti-TNF drugs?
Smoking
Hyperhomocysteinemia (vitamin deficiencies)
Oral contraceptives
Increased levels of lipoprotein A