Effect of postoperative early enteral nutrition on clinical outcomes and immune function of cholangiocarcinoma patients with malignant obstructive jaundice

Figure 1 Flow chart of the participants.

Figure 2 Difference in the counts of CD3+T, CD4+T, CD8+T, and the CD4+T/CD8+T cell ratios between the early enteral nutrition + parenteral nutrition and total parenteral nutrition groups. A: Difference in the counts of CD3+T between the early enteral nutrition + parenteral nutrition (EEN + PN) and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) groups; B: Difference in the counts of CD4+T between the EEN + PN and TPN groups; C: Difference in the counts of CD8+T between the EEN + PN and TPN groups; D: Differences in the CD4+T/CD8+T cell ratios between the EEN + PN and TPN groups. ^aP < 0.05. EEN: Early enteral nutrition; PN: Parenteral nutrition; POD: Postoperative day; TPN: Total parenteral nutrition.

Figure 3 Difference in the serum immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin M, and immunoglobulin A levels between the early enteral nutrition + parenteral nutrition and total parenteral nutrition groups.  A: Difference in the serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G levels between the early enteral nutrition + parenteral nutrition (EEN + PN) and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) groups; B: Difference in the serum IgM levels between the EEN + PN and TPN groups; C: Difference in the serum IgA levels between the EEN + PN and TPN groups. ^aP < 0.05. EEN: Early enteral nutrition; PN: Parenteral nutrition; POD: Postoperative day; TPN: Total parenteral nutrition.