Hepatitis C virus NS5A region mutation in chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 patients who are non-responders to two or more treatments and its relationship with response to a new treatment

Figure 1 Historical and study chronic hepatitis C patient cohort from 1991 to 2015 in the San Cecilio University Hospital. ¹First-generation DAAs (n = 13): peg-IFN-α + RBV + telaprevir (n = 7) and peg-IFN-α + RBV + boceprevir (n = 6); ²Second-generation DAAs (n = 17): peg-IFN-α + RBV + simeprevir (n = 2), simeprevir + sofosbuvir + RBV (n = 2), simeprevir + sofosbuvir (n = 1), sofosbuvir + daclatasvir (n = 1), ledipasvir + sofosbuvir + RBV (n = 4), ledipasvir + sofosbuvir (n = 4) and ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir + dasabuvir (n = 3). DAAs: Direct-acting antivirals NVR: No virological response; IFN: Interferon; peg-IFN + RBV: Pegylated-interferon + ribavirin; RBV: Ribavirin; SVR: Sustained virological response.

Figure 2 Number of baseline mutations by type of treatment in the interferon-sensitivity-determining region (A) and PKR binding domain (B) of NS5A. PKRBD: PKR binding domain; ISDR: Interferon-sensitivity-determining region.

Figure 3 Relationship between sustained virological response and number of baseline mutations in the interferon-sensitivity-determining region of NS5A. The number of baseline mutations in the interferon-sensitivity-determining region is based on the criteria of Enomoto et al[19]. Comparisons between groups were made using χ² tests. SVR: Sustained virological response; NVR: No virological response.

Figure 4 Interaction between baseline viral load and viral variability in the interferon-sensitivity-determining region. A: Viral load ≤ 600000 IU/mL; B: Viral load > 600000 IU/mL. Comparisons between groups were made with the χ² test. SVR: Sustained virological response; NVR: No virological response.