Using cholecystokinin to facilitate endoscopic clearance of large common bile duct stones

Figure 1 Summarized patient flow in the three sessions of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy/endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography procedure. A total of 148 patients in the CCK and no CCK groups were subjected to three sessions of ESWL/ERCP procedure. After a session of ESWL, the common bile duct was cleared by ERCP unless the stone passed spontaneously. Patients that failed to be successfully treated with ERCP were subjected to following ESWL/ERCP treatment. CCK: Cholecystokinin; ESWL: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy; ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; No ERCP: Stone passed spontaneously after ESWL treatment and did not require ERCP treatment.