Diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency

Figure 1 Different causes of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency.

Figure 2 Evaluation of the probability of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in the absence of advanced tests for maldigestion, such as fecal fat quantification and the ¹³C-mixed triglycerides breath test. PEI: Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency; MPD: Main pancreatic duct.

Figure 3 Fundamental aspects in the care of patients with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency. PERT: Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy; PPI: Proton pump inhibitors.