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Han KH, Hashimoto N, Fukushima M. Relationships among alcoholic liver disease, antioxidants, and antioxidant enzymes. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22(1): 37-49 [PMID: 26755859 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i1.37]
World J Gastroenterol. Jan 7, 2016; 22(1): 37-49 Published online Jan 7, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i1.37
Relationships among alcoholic liver disease, antioxidants, and antioxidant enzymes
Kyu-Ho Han, Naoto Hashimoto, Michihiro Fukushima
Kyu-Ho Han, Michihiro Fukushima, Department of Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
Naoto Hashimoto, Upland Farming Resource Research Division, NARO Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, Kasai, Hokkaido 082-0071, Japan
Author contributions: Han KH and Hashimoto N contributed to the collection of references and writing this manuscript; Hashimoto N and Fukushima M were responsible for the organization and revision of this manuscript.
Supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 25450196 and grants-in-aid from The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest related to this review.
Correspondence to: Naoto Hashimoto, PhD, Upland Farming Resource Research Division, NARO Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, Minami 9-4, Shinsei, Memuro, Kasai, Hokkaido 082-0071, Japan. hasshy@affrc.go.jp
Telephone: +81-155-629278 Fax: +81-155-612127
Received: April 24, 2015 Peer-review started: April 24, 2015 First decision: June 2, 2015 Revised: June 25, 2015 Accepted: September 2, 2015 Article in press: September 2, 2015 Published online: January 7, 2016 Processing time: 250 Days and 22.3 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: The metabolic process of ethanol generates reactive oxygen species, which play a significant role in the deterioration of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Antioxidant phytochemicals, such as polyphenols, upregulate the expression of antioxidant enzymes and peptides via the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1-NF-E2-related factor-2 pathway, which leads to antioxidant responsive elements in animal models. Furthermore, these antioxidants alleviate cell injury caused by oxidants or inflammatory cytokines via impairment of hyperactivation of mitogen-activating protein kinase pathways, similar to preconditioning in ischemia-reperfusion models. Although the relationship between plant antioxidants and ALD has not been adequately investigated, plant antioxidants may be preventive for ALD.
