Brief Article
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World J Gastroenterol. Oct 14, 2010; 16(38): 4838-4845
Published online Oct 14, 2010. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i38.4838
Erythropoietin ameliorates early ischemia-reperfusion injury following the Pringle maneuver
Masato Kato, Tokihiko Sawada, Junji Kita, Mitsugi Shimoda, Keiichi Kubota
Masato Kato, Tokihiko Sawada, Junji Kita, Mitsugi Shimoda, Keiichi Kubota, Second Department of Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, Kitakobayashi 880, Mibu, Shimotsuga, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
Author contributions: Kato M performed the study, analyzed the data and drafted the manuscript; Sawada T planned and performed the study, analyzed and interpreted the data and drafted the manuscript; Kita J and Shimoda M collected the data; Kubota K supervised the study and drafted the manuscript.
Supported by (partly) A Research Grant from the Biomarker Society, Japan
Correspondence to: Tokihiko Sawada, Associate Professor, Second Department of Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, Kitakobayashi 880, Mibu, Shimotsuga, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan. tsawada@dokkyomed.ac.jp
Telephone: +81-282-861111 Fax: +81-282-866317
Received: April 2, 2010
Revised: May 31, 2010
Accepted: June 7, 2010
Published online: October 14, 2010
Abstract

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of erythropoietin (Epo) against ischemia-reperfusion injury (IR/I) following the Pringle maneuver (PM), in comparison with conventional steroid administration in a prospective randomized trial.

METHODS: Patients were randomized by age, sex, diagnosis, and surgical method, and assigned to three groups: (1) A steroid group (STRD, n = 9) who received 100 mg of hydrocortisone before PM, and on postoperative days 1, 2 and 3, followed by tapering until postoperative day 7; (2) An EPO1 group (n = 10) who received 30 000 U of Epo before the PM and at the end of surgery; and (3) An EPO2 group (n = 8) who received 60 000 U of Epo before the PM. Hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), lactate, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured before and just after (Day 0) surgery, and on postoperative days 1, 3, 7 and 14.

RESULTS: There were no increases in Hb and Ht in the EPO1 and EPO2 groups. AST was significantly lower in EPO1 than in STRD on Day 0 (P = 0.041), and lower in EPO1 than in STRD and EPO2 on Day 1 (P = 0.018). ALT was significantly lower in EPO1 than in STRD and EPO2 on Day 0 (P = 0.020) and Day 1 (P = 0.004). There were no significant inter-group differences in the levels of LDH and lactate. IL-6 was significantly lower in EPO1 than in STRD and EPO2 on Day 0 (P = 0.0036) and Day 1 (P = 0.0451). TNF-α was significantly lower in EPO1 than in STRD and EPO2 on Day 0 (P = 0.0006) and Day 1 (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, hospitalization was significantly shorter in EPO1 and EPO2 than in STRD.

CONCLUSION: Epo has greater potential than steroids to ameliorate IR/I after the PM. Epo at a dose of 30 000 U, administered before PM and just after surgery, yields better results.

Keywords: Erythropoietin, Hepatic resection, Pringle maneuver, Steroid, Prospective randomized study