Original Article
Copyright ©2010 Baishideng. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Jul 28, 2010; 16(28): 3529-3540
Published online Jul 28, 2010. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i28.3529
Probiotic Bio-Three induces Th1 and anti-inflammatory effects in PBMC and dendritic cells
Man-Chin Hua, Tzou-Yien Lin, Ming-Wei Lai, Man-Shan Kong, Hung-Ju Chang, Chien-Chang Chen
Man-Chin Hua, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan, China
Man-Chin Hua, Tzou-Yien Lin, Ming-Wei Lai, Man-Shan Kong, Hung-Ju Chang, Chien-Chang Chen, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, China
Tzou-Yien Lin, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, China
Ming-Wei Lai, Man-Shan Kong, Hung-Ju Chang, Chien-Chang Chen, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, China
Author contributions: Hua MC, Chang HJ and Chen CC performed the majority of experiments; Lin TY, Lai MW and Kong MS provided vital reagents and analytical tools, and were involved in editing the manuscript; Hua MC and Chen CC designed the study and wrote the manuscript.
Supported by Chang Gung Memorial Hospital research project grant CMRPG470051 and National Science Council of Taiwan grant NSC-96-2314-B-182A-015-MY3
Correspondence to: Chien-Chang Chen, MD, Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Attending physician, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 12L, 5 Fu-Hsing St, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, China. cgj2841@yahoo.com
Telephone: +886-3-3281200 Fax: +886-3-3288957
Received: March 12, 2010
Revised: May 4, 2010
Accepted: May 11, 2010
Published online: July 28, 2010
Abstract

AIM: To investigate the immune response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and dendritic cells (DCs) that were stimulated by probiotic preparations.

METHODS: PBMCs were isolated, cultured, and stimulated with Bio-Three (a mixture of Bacillus mesentericus, Clostridium butyricum and Enterococcus faecalis; 105, 106 and 107 CFU/mL for 24 h). Cytokine production of (1) circulating PBMCs; (2) PBMCs stimulated by probiotic preparation; (3) monocyte-derived DCs; and (4) DC and T cell co-culture was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Phenotypic analysis of circulating PBMCs was also investigated by flow cytometry. Blood was obtained from individuals who consumed Bio-Three (109 CFU/d B. mesentericus, C. butyricum and E. faecalis) for 2 wk, or those who did not take probiotics orally.

RESULTS: In culture supernatants, interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin (IL)-10 production increased, but IL-4 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) production by PBMCs decreased after 1 and 2 wk of probiotic treatment. Flow cytometry was also performed on day 14 and detected enhanced expression of CD11b, HLA-DR, CD4, CD45RA, CD25, CD44 and CD69 in response to Bio-Three. Furthermore, IL-10 and IL-12 were upregulated in supernatants of monocyte-derived DCs, and IFN-γ and IL-10 were enhanced in supernatants of CD4+ T cells co-cultured with DCs.

CONCLUSION: Bio-Three appeared to stimulate the Th1 immune response, downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α) and upregulate anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10). Probiotics could be effective in activation of PBMCs and DCs.

Keywords: Probiotics; Bio-Three; Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; Dendritic cells