Salama II, Sami SM, Salama SI, Abdel-Latif GA, Shaaban FA, Fouad WA, Abdelmohsen AM, Raslan HM. Current and novel modalities for management of chronic hepatitis B infection. World J Hepatol 2023; 15(5): 585-608 [PMID: 37305370 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v15.i5.585]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Iman Ibrahim Salama, MD, Academic Research, Research Scientist, Department of Community Medicine Research, National Research Centre, El bouhoth street, Giza 12411, Dokki, Egypt. salamaiman@yahoo.com
Research Domain of This Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Article-Type of This Article
Review
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Hepatol. May 27, 2023; 15(5): 585-608 Published online May 27, 2023. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v15.i5.585
Current and novel modalities for management of chronic hepatitis B infection
Iman Ibrahim Salama, Samia M Sami, Somaia I Salama, Ghada A Abdel-Latif, Fatma A Shaaban, Walaa A Fouad, Aida M Abdelmohsen, Hala M Raslan
Iman Ibrahim Salama, Somaia I Salama, Ghada A Abdel-Latif, Walaa A Fouad, Aida M Abdelmohsen, Department of Community Medicine Research, National Research Centre, Giza 12411, Dokki, Egypt
Samia M Sami, Fatma A Shaaban, Department of Child Health, National Research Centre, Giza 12411, Dokki, Egypt
Hala M Raslan, Department of Internal Medicine, National Research Centre, Giza 12411, Dokki, Egypt
Author contributions: Salama II designed the review and implementation; Salama II, Salama SI, Abdel-Latif GA, and Raslan HA were responsible for writing the manuscript; Sami SM, Shaaban FA, Abdelmohsen AM, and Fouad WA were responsible for the first review; and all authors reviewed and approved the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors report having no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Iman Ibrahim Salama, MD, Academic Research, Research Scientist, Department of Community Medicine Research, National Research Centre, El bouhoth street, Giza 12411, Dokki, Egypt. salamaiman@yahoo.com
Received: November 19, 2022 Peer-review started: November 19, 2022 First decision: February 1, 2023 Revised: March 13, 2023 Accepted: April 12, 2023 Article in press: April 12, 2023 Published online: May 27, 2023
Core Tip
Core Tip: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a result of immune tolerance and the presence of covalently closed circular DNA and the integrated HBV. The currently approved therapies are nucleos(t)ide analogues, interferon-alpha, and pegylated-interferon-alpha, with functional cure achieved in < 10% of patients. Disruption of the interaction between HBV or the host immune system can lead to HBV reactivation. Novel therapies include direct acting antivirals and immunomodulators. Immunomodulators may enhance/restore innate and adaptive immunity against HBV (as toll-like-receptors and retinoic acid inducible gene-1 agonist), checkpoint inhibitors, therapeutic HBV vaccines, and genetically engineered T cells to restore T cell function.
