Idiopathic myointimal hyperplasia of the mesenteric veins affecting the small intestine alone: A case report and review of literature

Table 2 Comparison between small intestinal and colonic idiopathic myointimal hyperplasia of the mesenteric veins

Clinical characteristics	Colonic IMHMV (n = 77)		Small intestinal IMHMV (n = 8)
Mean age, years (range)	57 (21-82)		62 (42-81)
Sex
M	67		2
F	10		6
Symptoms and signs	Abdominal pain	64	Abdominal pain	7
	Diarrhea	51	Diarrhea	2
	Hematochezia	49
	Constipation	8	Constipation	1
	Tenesmus	10
	Weight loss	16	Weight loss	3
	Fever	10	Nausea and vomiting	2
	Constipation and diarrhea alternated	8	Anorexia	1
	Abdominal distension	5	Abdominal distension	3
	Mucoid stools	9	Chest pain	1
	Rectal urgency	3	Seizures	1
	Fecal incontinence	2	Bilateral lower limb edema	1
	Perianal pain	2
Preoperative clinical impression	IBD	33	IBD	4
	IC	14
	IBD/IC	7
	IMHMV	9	Adhesive intestinal obstruction	1
Endoscopic findings	Congested, edematous, friable mucosa	58	Congested, edematous, friable mucosa	2
	Ulcer	44	Ulcer	3
	Erythema	34
	Intestinal stenosis	19	Intestinal stenosis	1
	Pseudopolyps	5
Affected site	Rectum - DC	24	Terminal ileum	5
	Rectum - TC	4	Ileum	1
	RS	26	Jejunum	1
	SC	11	Jejunum/ileum	1
	SC - DC	4
	DC	1
	TC	1
	Rectum - terminal ileum	2
	TC - terminal ileum	1
Time to surgery (range); follow-up period (range), months	4.4 (0.25, 24); 28.5 (2, 144)		8.4 (6, 12); 14.4 (1, 32)
Indication for surgery	Clinical symptoms continued to worsen and medical treatment was ineffective	23	Appendiceal mucocoele and pseudomyxoma peritonei	1
	IMHMV was suspected and surgery was performed to confirm the diagnosis	7	CT scan showed bowel ischemia	1
	Acute abdomen	3
	Massive hematochezia and medical treatment was ineffective	6
	Bowel obstruction	2	Bowel obstruction	4
	Perforation	9	Perforation	1

C. difficile: Clostridioides difficile; CT: Computed tomography; DC: Descending colon; F: Female; IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; IC: Ischemic colitis; IMHMV: Idiopathic myointimal hyperplasia of the mesenteric vein; M: Male; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; RS: Rectosigmoid colon; SC: Sigmoid colon; TC: Transverse colon.