Washed microbiota transplantation for Crohn’s disease: A metagenomic, metatranscriptomic, and metabolomic-based study

Figure 3 Changes in microbiome and metabolome before and after WMT in responders. A: The transfer of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii from the donor to the responders can be detected at both the DNA and RNA levels; B: Demonstration of several fecal metabolites that were significantly higher than those of the donors before the washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) and declined after the WMT; C: Heat map of the selected metabolite intensities between the responder group before and after WMT treatment and the donor trio; D: A plot of the difference in linear discriminant analysis effect size of the species level at the DNA level in the responders before and after the WMT revealed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05); E: The species changes at the RNA level before and after WMT in the responders; F: Correlation heatmap analysis of the differential metabolites in differential species (RNA levels) before and after WMT in the responder group. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01. WMT: Washed microbiota transplantation.