Effect of CXCR3/HO-1 genes modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on small bowel transplant rejection

Figure 14 Proinflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokines in different groups. ^aP < 0.05 vs NSBT group, ^bP < 0.05 vs IsoT group, ^cP < 0.05 vs NS group, ^dP < 0.05 vs BM group, ^eP < 0.05 vs HB group. Cytokines in the BM group, HB group, and HCB group were comparable (P > 0.05), while cytokines in the NBST group, IsoT group, and NS group were comparable immediately after transplantation (P > 0.05). The levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, IL-7, IL-23, IFN-γ, and TNF-α) in the former three groups were significantly lower than those levels in the latter three groups (P < 0.05), and the anti-inflammatory cytokine levels (IL-10 and TGF-β) in the former three groups were significantly higher than those in the latter three groups (P < 0.05). Cytokines in the IsoT group changed over time, and nearly returned to normal levels at day 7 (P > 0.05). Concentrations of IL-2, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in the HCB group were significantly lower than those in the NS group, BM group, and HB group at each time point (P < 0.05), with levels in the HB group lower than in the BM group (P < 0.05), and highest in the NS group (P < 0.05). Concentrations of IL-2, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in the BM group, HB group, and HCB group were significantly higher than those in the NSBT group at 10 d and 14 d (P < 0.05). Concentrations of IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23 in the HCB group were significantly lower than those in the NS group, BM group, and HB group (P < 0.05), with levels in the HB group lower than in the BM group (P < 0.05), and highest in the NS group (P < 0.05). Concentrations of IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23 in the BM group, HB group, and HCB group were significantly lower than those in the NSBT group at 1 d, 3 d, and 7 d. Concentrations of IL-10 and TGF-β in the HCB group were higher than those in the other five groups. The HB group had the second highest level, the BM group level was higher than the NS group, and the NSBT group was comparable to the IsoT group with the lowest cytokine level, especially at 7 d, 10 d, and 14 d after transplantation.