Recent advances in the surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 4 Overview of current outcomes of liver resection and liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma

Liver resection
Overall survival after liver resection
1 yr	3 yr	5 yr
87.8%	69.2%	53.4%	(Japanese registry, n = 27062)[16]
			90% 72% 56% (Multi-center study of the HCC East-West Study Group, n = 2046)[5]
Disease free survival after liver resection
67%	38%	23%	(Multi-centrer study of the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) East-West Study Group, n = 2046)[5]
90 d mortality rate: 2.7% Morbidity rate: 42% (Multi-central study of the HCC East-West Study Group, n = 2046)[5]
Overall survival of the patients with massive portal vein invasion after liver resection
50.4%	25.8%	18.4%	(Japanese registry, n = 976)[16]
Liver transplantation
Overall survival after liver transplantation
1 yr	3 yr	5 yr
Within Milan
91%	85%	79%	(72% of 5 yr DFS, UCLA, n = 467)
		60.1%	(Multi-centrer study of 14 French institutes, n = 479)
Beyond Milan and Within UCSF
88%	74%	64%	(64% of DFS, UCLA, n = 467)
		45.6%	(Multi-center study of 14 French institutes, n = 479)
Beyond UCSF
71%	49%	41%	(UCLA, n = 467)
		34.7%	(Multi-central study of 14 French centers, n = 479)
30 d mortality rate: 5.3% Re-transplantation rate: 4.2% (UCLA, n = 467)

DFS: Disease free survival; Milan: Milan criteria = Solitary tumor of ≤ 5 cm or up to 3 nodules ≤ 3 cm; UCSF: University of California: San Francisco Criteria = Single tumors ≤ 6.5 cm or 2 – 3 tumors ≤ 4.5 cm, with a total tumor diameter ≤ 8 cm; UCLA: Single center study from University of California, Los Angeles.