Recent advances in the surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 1 Treatment options for hepatocellular carcinoma within injured liver

Local ablation therapy	Only for small tumors (in size and number)
Liver resection	Most available and efficient treatment
	Applicable to < 30% of all HCC patients
	5-yr survival of 38%-61% depending on the tumor stage
	80% of patients recur within five years after resection
Liver transplantation	Ideal treatment for removal of existing tumor and underlying injured/preneoplastic tissue
	Tumor progression while on waiting list
	Patients with advanced/extensive HCC have very poor outcomes

HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma.