Topic Highlight
Copyright ©2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Gastroenterol. Jul 21, 2014; 20(27): 8837-8845
Published online Jul 21, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i27.8837
Table 4 Food sources of fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols[44]
High FODMAP food sourceLow-FODMAP food source
Excess fructoseFruits (apples, pears, nashi pears, clingstone peaches, mango, sugar snap peas, watermelon, tinned fruit in natural juice)Fruit (banana, blueberry, carambola, durian, grapefruit, grape, honeydew melon, kiwifruit, lemon, lime, mandarin, orange, passionfruit, paw paw, raspberry, rockmelon, strawberry, tangelo)
HoneyHoney substitutes (maple syrup, golden syrup)
Sweeteners (fructose)Sweeteners (any except polyols)
Lactose oligosaccharides
Milk (cow, goat and sheep)Milk (lactose-free, rice milk)
Ice creamCheese (hard cheeses, camembert)
YoghurtYoghurt (lactose-free)
Soft cheesesIce cream substitutes (gelati, sorbet)
PolyolsButter
Vegetables (artichokes, asparagus, beetroot, Brussels sprout, broccoli, cabbage, fennel, garlic, leeks, okra, onions, peas, shallots)Vegetables (bamboo shoots, bokchoy, carrot, celery, capsicum, choko, choy sum, corn, eggplant, green beans, lettuce, chives, parsnip, pumpkin, silverbeet, spring onion, tomato)
Cereals (wheat and rye when eaten in large amounts)Onion/garlic substitutes (garlic-infused oil)
Legumes (chickpeas, lentils, red kidney beans, baked beans)Cereals (gluten-free and spelt bread/cereal products)
Fruits (watermelon, custard apple, white peaches, rambutan, persimmon)
Fructans and/or galactansFruits (apples, apricots, cherries, longon, lychee, nashi pears, nectarine, pears, peaches, plums, prunes, watermelon)Fruits (banana, blueberry, carambola, durian, grapefruit, grape, honeydew melon, kiwifruit, lemon, lime, mandarin, orange, passionfruit, paw paw, raspberry, rockmelon)
Vegetables (avocado, cauliflower, mushrooms, snow peas)Sweeteners (sucrose, glucose)
Sweeteners (sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, maltitol, isomalt