Published online Feb 15, 1998. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v4.i1.61
Revised: October 22, 1997
Accepted: November 16, 1997
Published online: February 15, 1998
AIM: To determine the incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in trauterine infection and to explore the relationship between HBV viremia level of pregnant women and HBV intrauterine infection.
METHODS: Sixty-nine pregnant women were divided into three groups. Group A, 41 HBsAg positive patients, 14 of them were HBeAg positive (group A1), and 27 HBeAg negative (group A2); Group B, 12 HBsAg negative patients, but positive for anti-HBs and/or anti-HBe and/or anti-HBc; and Group C, 16 patients negative for all HBV markers. Blood samples of mothers were taken at delivery, samples of their infants were collected within 24 h after birth (before injection of HBIG and HBV vaccine). All the serum samples were stored at - 20 °C. HBV serum markers were tested by radioimmunoassay and HBV NDA were detected by nested polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS: In group C, all of 16 newborns were negative for HBsAg and HBV DNA. In group A, 7 infants were HBsAg positive (17.1%), and 17 (41.5%) were HBV DNA positive (P < 0.05). The incidence of intrauterine HBV infection was much higher in group A1 than that in group A2 (HBsAg 42.9% vs 3.7%, HBV DNA 92.9% vs 14.8%, P < 0.05). The incidence of HBV intrauterine infection was significantly different between high and low HBV viremia of mothers (93.3% vs 42.9%, P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: The incidence of HBV intrauterine infection is high when HBV DNA in newborns detected with nested PCR is used as a marker of HBV infection. It is related to HBV viremia level of mothers.