Brief Article
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World J Gastroenterol. Jan 14, 2013; 19(2): 274-283
Published online Jan 14, 2013. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i2.274
Dual probiotic strains suppress high fructose-induced metabolic syndrome
Do-Young Park, Young-Tae Ahn, Chul-Sung Huh, Robin A McGregor, Myung-Sook Choi
Do-Young Park, Young-Tae Ahn, Chul-Sung Huh, Korea Yakult Co., Ltd., Yongin, Gyeonggi 449-901, South Korea
Robin A McGregor, Myung-Sook Choi, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, South Korea
Author contributions: Park DY, Ahn YT, Huh CS and Choi MS contributed to the conception, design and acquisition of data; Park DY and McGregor RA contributed to the analysis and interpretation of data; Park DY, McGregor RA and Choi MS contributed to drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content; all authors gave final approval of the version to be published.
Supported by The Basic Science Research Program, Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics, the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, No. 2011-0000912 and Korea Yakult Co., Ltd.
Correspondence to: Myung-Sook Choi, PhD, Professor, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk Dong, Buk-gu, Daegu 702-701, South Korea. mschoi@knu.ac.kr
Telephone: +82-53-9506232 Fax: +82-53-9506229
Received: July 7, 2012
Revised: September 16, 2012
Accepted: November 14, 2012
Published online: January 14, 2013
Abstract

AIM: To investigate the effect of novel probiotics on the clinical characteristics of high-fructose induced metabolic syndrome.

METHODS: Male Wistar rats aged 4 wk were fed a 70% w/w high-fructose diet (n = 27) or chow diet (n = 9) for 3 wk to induce metabolic syndrome, the rats were then randomized into groups and administered probiotic [Lactobacillus curvatus (L. curvatus) HY7601 and Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) KY1032] at 109 cfu/d or 1010 cfu/d or placebo by oral gavage for 3 wk. Food intake and body weight were measured once a week. After 6 wk, the rats were fasted for 12 h, then anesthetized with diethyl ether and sacrificed. Blood samples were taken from the inferior vena cava for plasma analysis of glucose, insulin, C-peptide, total-cholesterol, triglycerides and thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed using mouse-specific Taqman probe sets to assess genes related to fatty acid β-oxidation, lipogenesis and cholesterol metabolism in the liver. Target gene expression was normalized to the housekeeping gene, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.

RESULTS: Rodents fed a high-fructose diet developed clinical characteristics of the metabolic syndrome including increased plasma glucose, insulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol and oxidative stress levels, as well as increased liver mass and liver lipids compared to chow fed controls. Probiotic treatment (L. curvatus HY7601 and L. plantarum KY1032) at high (1010 cfu/d) or low dosage (109 cfu/d) lowered plasma glucose, insulin, triglycerides and oxidative stress levels. Only high-dose probiotic treatment reduced liver mass and liver cholesterol. Probiotic treatment reduced lipogenesis via down-regulation of SREBP1, FAS and SCD1 mRNA levels and increased β-oxidation via up-regulation of PPARα and CPT2 mRNA levels.

CONCLUSION: Probiotic L. curvatus HY7601 and L. plantarum KY1032 combined suppressed the clinical characteristics of high-fructose-induced metabolic syndrome, therefore, may provide a natural alternative for the treatment of diet-induced metabolic syndrome.

Keywords: Dyslipidemia, Fasting glucose, Gut microbiota, High-fructose diet, Inflammation, Insulin resistance, Lactobacillus, Metabolic syndrome, Oxidative stress, Probiotic