Application of self-care based on full-course individualized health education in patients with chronic heart failure and its influencing factors

Table 1 Comparison of baseline data between the two groups

Group	Male / female	Age in yr	NYHA class			Hospital stay in d	Body mass index as kg/m2	Education background
			II	III	IV			Middle school and under	High school or technical school	Junior college, university and above
Intervention group, n = 50	31/19	68.21 ± 4.69	17	24	9	15.63 ± 3.21	22.78 ± 3.94	38	9	3
Control group, n = 50	29/21	68.57 ± 4.12	18	25	7	15.21 ± 3.05	23.03 ± 4.11	35	10	5
χ2/t value	0.167	0.408	0.299			0.671	0.310	0.457
P value	0.683	0.684	0.861			0.504	0.757	0.499

NYHA: New York Heart Association.

Table 2 Comparison of 6-min walking distance between the two groups at different time points

Groups	At admission	3 mo after discharge	6 mo after discharge	F value	P-value
Intervention group, n = 50	126.48 ± 30.23	280.56 ± 38.84	401.52 ± 35.68	776.592	0.000
Control group, n = 50	124.12 ± 28.17	207.35 ± 36.27	265.42 ± 20.53	301.032	0.000
t value	0.404	9.741	23.378	-	-
P-value	0.687	0.000	0.000	-	-

Table 3 Comparison of self-care behavior scores between the two groups at different time points

Items	Time point	Intervention group, n = 50	Control group, n = 50	t value	P-value
Self-care maintenance	At admission	28.14 ± 8.25	27.53 ± 7.86	0.379	0.706
	3 mo after discharge	32.76 ± 7.43	28.64 ± 8.72	2.543	0.013
	6 mo after discharge	38.21 ± 7.43	30.04 ± 8.22	5.214	0.000
Self-care management	At admission	48.78 ± 10.73	46.58 ± 9.08	1.107	0.271
	3 mo after discharge	52.48 ± 9.16	49.20 ± 6.27	2.089	0.039
	6 mo after discharge	55.47 ± 12.08	50.76 ± 8.13	2.287	0.024
Self-care confidence	At admission	32.72 ± 11.65	30.90 ± 10.74	0.812	0.419
	3 mo after discharge	38.12 ± 10.04	33.79 ± 11.18	2.038	0.044
	6 mo after discharge	43.75 ± 14.37	36.30 ± 10.44	2.966	0.004
Total score	At admission	109.64 ± 24.26	105.01 ± 20.12	1.039	0.302
	3 mo after discharge	123.36 ± 21.88	111.63 ± 18.37	2.903	0.005
	6 mo after discharge	137.43 ± 18.74	117.10 ± 19.05	5.380	0.000

Table 4 Comparison of SF-36 scores between the two groups

Items	Time point	Intervention group, n = 50	Control group, n = 50	t value	P-value
Physical functioning	At admission	68.74 ± 15.33	68.78 ± 16.02	1.276	0.205
	3 mo after discharge	75.26 ± 10.58	71.34 ± 8.17	2.074	0.041
	6 mo after discharge	81.79 ± 9.55	75.27 ± 13.28	2.819	0.006
Physical role	At admission	27.58 ± 9.14	28.01 ± 9.23	0.234	0.815
	3 mo after discharge	43.64 ± 11.25	31.97 ± 10.82	5.287	0.000
	6 mo after discharge	51.94 ± 12.03	38.79 ± 11.16	5.667	0.000
Bodily pain	At admission	49.87 ± 13.26	50.17 ± 11.46	0.121	0.904
	3 mo after discharge	61.28 ± 11.97	53.88 ± 12.31	3.047	0.003
	6 mo after discharge	78.19 ± 12.35	56.87 ± 10.98	9.123	0.000
Emotional functioning	At admission	50.17 ± 13.33	50.20 ± 12.65	0.012	0.991
	3 mo after discharge	63.94 ± 11.81	54.08 ± 13.70	3.855	0.000
	6 mo after discharge	72.08 ± 13.49	57.84 ± 13.22	5.331	0.000
Vitality	At admission	54.33 ± 10.58	54.42 ± 11.38	0.041	0.967
	3 mo after discharge	61.24 ± 9.25	57.28 ± 9.97	2.059	0.042
	6 mo after discharge	65.37 ± 9.79	59.88 ± 11.43	2.579	0.011
Social functioning	At admission	51.87 ± 13.24	51.90 ± 12.77	0.012	0.991
	3 mo after discharge	57.42 ± 11.21	53.26 ± 9.61	1.992	0.049
	6 mo after discharge	63.08 ± 10.97	57.81 ± 10.95	2.404	0.018
Mental health	At admission	61.25 ± 11.44	61.37 ± 10.97	0.054	0.957
	3 mo after discharge	71.79 ± 10.58	64.33 ± 12.57	3.211	0.002
	6 mo after discharge	78.63 ± 11.52	68.19 ± 11.43	4.549	0.000
General health	At admission	54.72 ± 10.69	54.65 ± 11.73	0.031	0.975
	3 mo after discharge	61.33 ± 12.37	56.87 ± 9.29	2.039	0.044
	6 mo after discharge	66.87 ± 10.61	58.92 ± 13.64	3.253	0.002

Table 5 Influencing factors of self-care behaviors

Risk factors	Regression coefficient	Standard error	P-value	OR value	95%CI
Age	2.284	0.972	0.019	9.816	1.461–65.965
NYHA class	2.533	1.086	0.020	12.591	1.498-105.801
Education background	2.217	0.249	0.000	9.180	5.634-14.955
Constant	−5.329	2.208	0.003	0.002	–

NYHA: New York Heart Association.