Colorectal neuroendocrine carcinoma: A case report and review of the literature

Table 1 Results of laboratory investigation on the day of admission

WBC	9740 /μL
RBC	344 × 104 /μL
Hb	9.4 g/dL
Ht	29.1%
Plt	37.3 ×104 /μL
TP	6.7 g/dL
Alb	3.8 g/dL
BUN	12.3 mg/dL
Cre	0.85 mg/dL
AST	12 IU/L
ALT	9.0 IU/L
LDH	328 IU/L
ALP	166 IU/L
γ-GTP	43 IU/L
T-bil	0.4 mg/dL
CRP	5.0 mg/dL
CEA	7.4 ng/mL
CA19-9	1.0 U/mL

WBC: White blood cells; Hb: Hemoglobin; Ht: Hematocrit; Plt: Platelet counts; TP: Total protein; Alb: Albumin; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; Cre: Creatinine; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; γ-GTP, γ-glutamyl transferase; T-bil: Total bilirubin; CRP: C-reactive protein; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9.

Table 2 Summary of the cases reported to date

No.	Ref.	Year	Age	Gen-der	Diagn-osis	Loca-tion	Size (mm x mm)	Posit-ive for Ki-67 (%)	Steno-sis (%)	Symp-tom of Obstruc-tion	Inva-sion to Surroun-ding Tissu-e	Metas-tasis	Sur-gery	CT	RT	Chemo-thera-py	Re-sponse to Chemo-thera-py	Over-all Sur-vival (mo)
1	12	1996	65	F	ECC	A	150	N/A	100	+	-	+	-	+	-	P	PD	3
2	13	1998	70	M	ECC	R	80x55	N/A	60	-	-	+	+	+	-	P	PD	15
3	14	1999	54	F	MAENC	S	60	N/A	N/A	-	+	+	+	+	-	F	N/A	N/A
4	14	1999	46	M	NEC	R	160x130x40	N/A	100	-	-	+	+	+	-	P	PD	8
5	15	2002	50	F	small cell carcinoma	R	45x55	N/A	50	-	-	+	+	+	-	P	CR	54, alive
6	16	2002	76	M	MANEC	C	45x45x15	N/A	N/A	-	N/A	+	+	+	-	N/A	N/A	N/A
7	17	2002	67	F	small cell carcinoma	A	N/A	N/A	N/A	-	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
8	18	2003	61	F	ECC	R	N/A	N/A	60	-	+	+	+	+	-	P	PD	5
9	19	2004	78	M	ECC	R	47x43	N/A	60	-	-	+	+	+	-	P	PD	6
10	20	2004	38	M	NEC	T	100	N/A	100	+	+	-	+	+	-	P	PR	14
11	21	2004	79	M	MANEC	R	30x20	N/A	30	-	-	+	+	+	+	F	PR	21, alive
12	22	2006	34	M	ECC	T	170x110	N/A	100	-	+	+	+	+	-	P	PD	8
13	23	2006	48	M	ECC	R	120x100	N/A	50	-	+	+	+	+	+	P	SD	24, alive
14	24	2006	62	M	NEC	A	45x25	N/A	60	-	+	+	+	+	-	F	PD	11
15	25	2006	71	M	NEC	D	40x50	N/A	50	-	-	+	+	+	-	F	PD	6
16	26	2007	53	M	NEC	R	32x27	40	30	-	+	+	+	+	-	P	PR	51
17	27	2007	45	M	ECC	C	42	N/A	50	-	-	+	+	+	+	P	PR	67
18	28	2007	44	F	MANEC	T	80x75x50	N/A	100	N/A	N/A	+	+	+	-	N/A	N/A	N/A
19	29	2007	38	F	ECC	T	29x27	N/A	50	-	+	+	+	+	-	F	PD	9
20	30	2008	63	M	ECC	A	50x70	N/A	100	-	-	+	+	+	-	F	PD	41
21	31	2008	56	M	ECC	C	40x50	N/A	N/A	-	-	+	+	+	-	P	PD	6
22	7	2008	61	M	ECC	R	50	N/A	100	+	+	+	+	+	+	F	PR	50, alive
23	32	2009	79	F	ECC	S	115x35	N/A	100	+/-	+	+	+	+	-	P	SD	14, alive
24	33	2010	78	M	NEC	S	82x74	N/A	N/A	-	+	+	+	+	-	F	SD	10
25	34	2010	59	M	ECC	N/A	N/A	80	N/A	N/A	N/A	+	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
26	35	2011	63	M	NEC	A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	-	+	+	+	-	F	PR	11
27	36	2011	70	M	NEC	A	74x51	N/A	60	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	N/A	N/A
28	37	2011	74	F	NEC	A	N/A	90	100	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	N/A	1
29	38	2011	76	F	NEC	A	N/A	66.3	50	-	-	+	+	+	-	P	PR	27, alive
30	39	2012	54	M	MANEC	R	30	N/A	50	-	N/A	N/A	+	+	-	F	N/A	N/A
31	40	2012	76	F	NEC	T	183x115	N/A	100	-	+	-	+	+	-	F	PD	42, alive
32	41	2012	74	F	NEC	A	N/A	75	30	-	-	+	-	+	-	P	PR	8
33	42	2012	57	F	NEC	N/A	N/A	80	30	-	N/A	+	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
34	43	2012	81	F	NEC	C,A	N/A	N/A	100	N/A	N/A	+	+	-	-	-	N/A	6
35	44	2012	68	F	NEC	S	30	N/A	50	-	N/A	+	-	-	-	-	N/A	0.5
36	45	2013	51	M	NEC	R	N/A	N/A	50	-	-	+	+	+	-	F	PR	12, alive
37	46	2013	68	M	NEC	R	N/A	N/A	50	-	-	+	+	+	+	P	PR	7
38	47	2014	77	M	NEC	A	40x35	20-30	30	-	-	+	+	+	-	F	PD	8, alive
39	48	2014	71	M	MANEC	T	70x45	25	80	+	-	+	+	+	-	F	PD	13
40	49	2014	48	M	MANEC	S	N/A	N/A	100	+	+	+	+	+	+	F	PD	3
41	50	2014	63	F	NEC	A	N/A	60-70	100	+	-	+	+	+	-	P	PD	10
42	51	2014	39	M	MANEC	T	N/A	80	50	-	-	+	+	+	-	F	PD	7
43	52	2014	55	F	MANEC	A	N/A	N/A	30	-	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
44	53	2014	34	F	MANEC	D	N/A	N/A	100	+	+	N/A	+	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
45	54	2015	74	F	MANEC	C	70x18	<20	100	+	+	-	+	+	-	F	SD	10, alive
46	55	2015	44	M	NEC	A	170x110x80	N/A	100	+	+	-	+	+	-	P	SD	84, alive
47	56	2016	70	M	MANEC	D	100	82.9	100	-	+	+	+	+	-	F	CR	30, alive
48	57	2016	48	F	NEC	S	93x40	>90	100	+/-	-	+	-	+	-	P	PR	2
49	58	2016	70	M	NEC	S	15	N/A	25	-	-	+	-	+	-	P	N/A	N/A
50	59	2016	67	M	NEC+SCC	C	60x50	>40	100	+	+	+	+	+	-	P	PD	3
51	60	2017	49	F	ECC	T	100x100	N/A	100	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	N/A	10, alive
52	61	2017	60	M	NEC	Anus	20	90	N/A	-	-	+	-	+	-	N/A	PR	N/A
53	62	2017	68	M	MANEC	A	30	75	30	-	-	-	+	+	-	P	SD	N/A
54	63	2017	32	M	MANEC	C	80x55	N/A	70	+/-	-	+	+	+	-	F	SD	6, alive
55	64	2017	61	F	NEC	T	50	90	100	+	N/A	-	+	-	-	-	N/A	N/A
56	65	2018	74	M	NEC	S	60x50	90	100	-	+	+	+	+	-	F	SD	36, alive
57	66	2018	68	M	NEC+SCC	D	35x35	80	100	+/-	-	+	+	+	-	P	PD	N/A
58	67	2018	40	F	NEC	R	45x36x44	N/A	50	-	N/A	+	-	+	+	P	CR	N/A
59	68	2018	77	M	ECC	T	N/A	N/A	100	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	N/A	2
60	N/A	Our Case	55	M	NEC	T	100x100	90	100	+	+	+	-	+	-	P	PD	4

F: Female; M: Male; ECC: Endocrine cell carcinoma; MANEC: Mixed adeno-neuroendocrine carcinoma; NEC: Neuroendocrine carcinoma; SCC: Squamous cell carcinoma; A: Ascending colon; R: Rectum; S: Sigmoid colon; C: Cecum; T: Transverse colon; D: Descending colon; P: Platinum-based chemotherapy; F: 5-fluorouracil-based regimen; PD: Progressive disease; CR: Complete response; SD: Stable disease; PR: Partial response.