Safety and efficacy of transfemoral intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for portal hypertension: A single-center retrospective study

Table 1 Patient characteristics

Index	TFIPS, n = 19	TIPS, n = 21	t/χ2	P value
Gender, male/female	17/2	18/3	0.019	0.889
Age in yr, mean ± SD	46.3 ± 13	45.7 ± 12	0.942	0.349
Duration of follow-up in mo	20 (7-34)	22 (9-35)
Etiology as viral/other	15/4	16/5	0.213	0.725
Child-Pugh stage, n			0.043	0.979
Stage A	5	5
Stage B	13	15
Stage C	1	1
Child-Pugh score	7.31 ± 1.60	6.88 ± 1.90	0.77	0.446
MELD score	11.62 ± 3.22	10.87 ± 2.24	0.862	0.394
Gastrointestinal bleeding, yes/no	18/1	20/1	0.005	0.942
Refractory ascites, yes/no	1/18	1/20	0.005	0.942
Blood ammonia	33.01 ± 17.89	34.33 ± 13.15	0.268	0.790
Previous splenectomy and devascularization, yes/no	3/16	4/17	0.049	0.826
Previous sclerotherapy, yes/no	17/2	19/2	0.169	0.681

MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; TFIPS: Transfemoral intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; TIPS: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt.

Table 2 Hemodynamic changes

Index	TFIPS, n = 19	TIPS, n = 21	t/χ2	P value
Pre-operation PVP, mmHg	35.00 ± 6.05	34.01 ± 4.70	0.578	0.566
Post-operation PVP, mmHg	21.43 ± 2.83	20.98 ± 3.65	0.429	0.670
Mean decreased PVP differential, mmHg	13.57 ± 6.70	13.03 ± 5.44	0.281	0.780
Pre-operation PPG, mmHg	23.91 ± 4.64	22.61 ± 5.39	0.814	0.421
Post-operation PPG, mmHg	10.85 ± 3.33	10.84 ± 3.33	0.095	0.925
Mean decreased PPG differential, mmHg	13.07 ± 5.26	11.87 ± 5.10	0.728	0.471
PPG ≤ 12 mmHg, n (%)	13 (68.4)	14 (66.7)	0.014	0.906
PPG reduction ≥ 50%, n (%)	19 (100)	21 (100)	-	-

PVP: Portal vein pressure; PPG: Portal pressure gradient; TFIPS: Transfemoral intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; TIPS: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt.

Table 3 Comparison of clinical effects

Index	TFIPS group, n = 19		TIPS group, n = 21		t/χ2		P value
	12 mo	24 mo	12 mo	24 mo	12 mo	24 mo	12 mo	24 mo
Child-Pugh score	5.45 ± 1.60	6.32 ± 1.60	6.45 ± 1.50	7.11 ± 1.60	0.042	0.061	0.852	0.813
MELD score	10.31 ± 1.44	11.52 ± 1.43	11.12 ± 1.55	11.14 ± 1.79	0.487	0.624	0.794	0.527
Blood ammonia	83.6 ± 39.4	87.3 ± 33.1	85.7 ± 23.4	88.2 ± 29.6	0.758	0.518	0.246	0.238
Variceal rebleeding, n (%)	1 (5.3)	1 (5.3)	1 (4.8)	2 (9.5)	0.005	0.261	0.942	0.609
RS, n	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1
Shunt patency	18 (94.7)	18 (94.7)	20 (95.2)	19 (90.5)	0.005	0.261	0.942	0.609
HE, n (%)	4 (21.1)	5 (26.3)	4 (19.0)	6 (28.6)	0.025	0.025	0.874	0.873
grade of HE, n					0.107	0.166	0.948	0.573
I	2	2	1	2
II	1	2	2	3
III	1	1	1	1
IV	0	0	0	0
HM, n	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1
Survival, n (%)	18 (94.7)	18 (94.7)	21(100)	20 (95.2)	0	0.001	1	0.981

MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; RS: Refractory ascites; HE: Hepatic encephalopathy; HM: Hepatic myelopathy; TFIPS: Transfemoral intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; TIPS: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt.