Multiple rare causes of post-traumatic elbow stiffness in an adolescent patient: A case report and review of literature

Table 1 Causes of elbow stiffness reported in the included studies

Authors	No. of patients	Causes
		Soft tissue contracture	Bony blocker	Malunion of fracture	HO(Heterotopic ossification)	Keloid scar	Bony connection	Nerve contracture
Koh et al[24]	77	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
Ring et al[26]	46	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
Morrey et al[27]	38	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
Birjandi Nejad et al[28]	14	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
Rhee et al[29]	18	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
Sharma and Rymaswski[30]	25	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
Tan et al[31]	52	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
Aldridge et al[32]	106	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
Cikes et al[33]	18	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
Marti et al[34]	46	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
Gundlach and Eygendaal[35]	21	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
Mansat and Morrey[25]	38	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
Kulkarni et al[36]	26	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
Heirweg and De Smet[37]	16	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
Park et al[38]	27	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
Cantin et al[11]	1	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	Yes