Beyond the usual suspects - disseminated cryptococcosis presenting as molluscoid skin lesions: A case report

Table 1 Key presentations of cutaneous Cryptococcosis in other case reports

Ref.	Patient age, gender	Cutaneous manifestations	Associated disease(s)	Remarks
Pepe et al[5], 2025	73, male	Multiple non-healing ulceronecrotic lesions with haemorrhagic bullae on right arm. Largest lesion size 4 cm × 3 cm. Painful	RA, hypertension, congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. HIV-negative	Patient was taking corticosteroids long-term for RA
Jain et al[6], 2025	93, male	Ulcer on chest for 6 months. Painful	Squamous cell carcinoma, scalp. HIV-negative	Tumor was treated with local wide excision. No treatment history of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or immunosuppressant therapy
Jalkh et al[7], 2025	46, male	Solitary facial nodule for 2 weeks. Lesion initially diagnosed as keratoacanthoma. Pain not mentioned	HIV-positive. Previous history of pulmonary tuberculosis	On anti-retroviral treatment for 11 years
Ahuja et al[8], 2024	48, female	Hyperpigmented firm plaque on left thigh for 2 months. Painless	Membranous glomerulonephritis, hypertension. HIV-negative	Patient was on oral prednisolone and rituximab
Gencebay et al[9], 2024	56, female	Ulcerated erythematous lesion on lower abdomen for 6 months. Pain not mentioned	MS. Bowen’s disease on forehead	Patient was on disease-modifying therapy fingolimod for MS
Premjith et al[10], 2022	40, female	Non-healing cutaneous ulcer on right thumb of size 15 cm × 1.0 cm with necrotic floor for 3 months. Painless	HIV-positive	History of thorn prick 2 weeks prior to onset
Han et al[11], 2017	63, male	Cellulitis left forearm for 3 weeks. Painless	Chronic kidney disease, HIV-negative	Patient was on oral steroid therapy
Yang et al[12], 2016	33, male	Red nodular plaque of size 15 cm × 1 cm on left upper eyelid. Painless	HIV-negative	Cryptococcus neoformans was isolated in cultures from skin and lung
Pan et al[13], 2013	62, male	Soft swellings on forehead, left elbow, right chest wall for 3 weeks. Painless	Chronic lymphocytic leukemia on chemotherapy	Patient had pneumonia and osteolytic lesions in right frontal bone and right 9th rib, thought to be cryptococcal osteomyelitis
Kumar et al[14], 2005	Three cases: Two male and one female	Subcutaneous swellings in right abdominal flank, occipital region and left anterior upper thigh respectively. Pain not mentioned	All 3 cases were HIV negative	Cryptococcus found on fine needle aspiration smears
Bilimoria et al[15], 1980	35, male	Ulcers on face, leg, shoulder. Painless	Hodgkin disease. HIV not mentioned	No CNS, lung manifestations
Mukthabai et al[2], 1970		Reported 3 cases of cutaneous cryptococcosis	Details not available	Quoted reference in Bilimoria et al[15], 1980, manuscript in IJDVL

CNS: Central nervous system; HIV: Human immunodeficiency virus; IJDVL: Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology; MS: Multiple sclerosis; RA: Rheumatoid arthritis.