Systematic Reviews
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2022.
World J Clin Cases. Nov 6, 2022; 10(31): 11442-11453
Published online Nov 6, 2022. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i31.11442
Table 1 The characteristics of included studies
Ref.
Loction
Study period
Subjects
Number of Subjects
Scenarios duration
Experiment procedure
Assessment
V-CPR
T-CPR
V-CPR
T-CPR
Lee et al[25], 2021KoreaOctober 2019 to July 2020Volunteers aged 18 years or older88436 minVideo call transition was performed after initiation of by stander chest compressionThe dispatcher uses a standard audio instructed protocol to help the participant initiate and perform chest compression-only CPR(1) The mean proportion of ade quate hand positioning during chest compressions; (2) The mean compres sion depth; (3) Mean compression rate; and (4) Total no-flow time
Yang et al[26], 2009Taiwan-Volunteers above 16 years of age who have not received any CPR training within the last 5 years43534 minReceived interactive voice and video demonstration and feedback via a video cell phoneReceived only voice CPR instruction(1) Chest compressions rate; (2) Chest compressions depth; (3) Proportion of subjects with sufficient rate; (4) Proportion of chest compressions with appropriate depth; (5) Proportion of correct hand positioning; (6) Hands-off time; (7) Time to first chest compression; and (8) Total duration of CPR instructions
Ecker et al[27], 2020CologneJuly to August 2018Adult volunteer, lay people without any previous CPR training50508 minThe study assistant operated the camera function of the phone, volunteers activated EmergencyEye and started standardised video guided CPRThe study assistant enabled the phone’s speaker function, the EMS dispatcher then initiated standardised telephone guided CPR(1) Compression frequency 100 to 120 min–1; (2) Ccompression depth 5 to 6 cm; and (3) Correct hand position on the lower third of the sternum
Lee et al[28], 2011KoreaMay 2010 to June 2010Adult volunteer,lay people without any previous CPR training39395 minInstructed to make a voice call to a number, guided on how to play a video stored on the phone, and were further asked to do as shown on the video until the emergency medical technicians arrivedInstructed to make a phone call to the same number, where they were guided by a dispatcher using the standardised protocol to perform compression-only CPR(1) The mean compression rate; (2) The number of subjects who performed an adequate compression rate; (3) The mean compression depth; (4) The number of subjects who performed an adequate compression depth; (5) Adequate positioning of hands; (6) Time to initiate continuous compressions; (7) Hands-off time; and (8) The number of subjects who had no “hands-off” event after starting compressions
Stipulante et al[29], 2016BelgiumMarch 2013High school Students volunteers, 16-2560608 minDeveloped an original protocol of videoconference CPR instructions on the basis of the ALERT algorithm, followed the dispatcher’s instructions and performed CPRGuided according to the ALERT protocol, given the instruction to ‘put the speaker on’ and to ‘put the phone down’ to receive further instruction(1) Rate of chest compressions; (2) Total number of chest compressions; (3) Depth of chest compressions; (4) Proportion of chest compressions with appropriate rate; (5) Proportion of chest compression with appropriate depth; (6) Proportion of chest compressions with correct hand positioning; (7) Time for responsiveness check; (8) Time for airway opening; (9) Time for breathing check; (10) Time to first compression; and (11) Hands-off time
Bolle et al[30], 2009NorwayDecember 2006 and January 2007High-school students292610 minDispatchers used a lap_x0002_top with a UMTS (3G) card, video camera, videovcommunication software and a standard headsetDispatchers used a telephone with a standard headset(1) Total number of compressions; (2) Average depth (mm); (3) Average rate (n/min); (4) Average number per minute; (5) Proportion done without error; (6) Proportion done to correct depth; (7) Proportion with correct hand position; (8) Proportion done with full release; (9) Time to first compression (s); and (10) Total hands-off-chest time (s)