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1
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Rehman S, Venna P, Davis S, Gopagoni R, Uttam R, Farrukh AM, Salehi M. Primary gallbladder melanoma: A systematic review of literature. Ann Diagn Pathol 2024; 68:152244. [PMID: 38103326 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2023.152244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Primary gallbladder melanoma (PGM) is a rare malignancy with only sporadic cases reported in the English literature. We performed a systematic review of the cases published in the PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar databases with the aim of describing the reported clinicopathologic features of PGM. Thirty-six articles reporting on 39 patients were reviewed. There was a male predominance, with 23 (64 %) of 36 patients being males. The mean age at presentation was 55 ±16 years. Pain in the right upper quadrant was reported in 20/27 (74 %). The average size of the tumor was 3.5 × 1.9 × 1.4 cm. Gallbladder calculi were reported in 7/27 (26 %). A cholecystectomy was performed in 34/38 (89.5 %). Grossly, the tumor mostly (96.5 %) had polypoid appearances and on microscopic examination, the tumor were predominantly comprised of epithelioid cells 12/17 (70.6 %). Mitotic figures and prominent nucleoli were reportedly found in 8/8 (100 %) and 3/3 (100 %) respectively. Junctional melanocytic components were present in 13/21 (61.9 %). Tumor cells were reportedly immunoreactive for S-100 and HMB-45 in all tested cases. Metastasis were reported in 25/36 (69.4 %), with lymph nodes being the most common site (n = 8), followed by brain (n = 6) and liver (n = 4) for metastasis. At a mean follow-up period of 19 +/- 3 months, 16 (48.5 %) of the 33 patients with available survival data were alive and 17/33 (51.5 %) were dead of disease. There is a lack of unified criteria for the diagnosis of PGM, and future studies should aim to resolve this.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ritika Uttam
- JJM Medical College, Davangere, Karnataka, India
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2
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Kumar K, Zaidi A, Husain N, Chandra A. Primary malignant melanoma of the gall bladder masquerading as xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis. BMJ Case Rep 2023; 16:e256093. [PMID: 37734863 PMCID: PMC10514650 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-256093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma of the gall bladder is rare. Most cases are metastatic and primary gall bladder melanoma is even more rare. We report a case of primary malignant melanoma of the gall bladder which illustrates the diagnostic challenge posed by this condition. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry play a pivotal role in making a diagnosis and ruling out conditions which mimic it such as xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis and other relatively common epithelial malignancies. We tested for prognostic and predictive markers including BRAF and PD-L1 and immunohistochemistry showed positive staining for BRAF. The tumour cells expressed HMB-45 and were negative for cytokeratin and CD68, favouring a diagnosis of malignant melanoma and excluding the possibility of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis and carcinoma. On follow-up at 3 months there was no evidence of recurrence of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushlendra Kumar
- Pathology, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ariba Zaidi
- Pathology, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nuzhat Husain
- Pathology, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhijit Chandra
- Surgical Gastroenterology, King George's Medical College, Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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3
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Hussein Al-janabi M, Mohammad JG, Mohsen AY, Saad A, Issa R. Metastatic melanoma to the gallbladder presented as a polyp with acute cholecystitis: A case report from Syria. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 76:103514. [PMID: 35495390 PMCID: PMC9052169 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and importance Malignant melanoma is one of the most aggressive unpredictable tumors that can metastasize to any organ. Metastases from cutaneous melanoma to the gallbladder are exceedingly rare. Most patients with gallbladder metastases from malignant melanoma are usually asymptomatic; therefore, its diagnosis can be a real challenge. Case presentation We report a case of a 71-year-old woman with a past history of cutaneous melanoma, who clinically presented with signs and symptoms of acute cholecystitis. Ultrasound investigation of the gallbladder revealed intraluminal polyp. Gross inspection of the excised gallbladder showed a polypoid lesion in the fundus. Microscopically, the H&E-stained sections revealed nests of malignant cells, occasionally with pigmented cytoplasm. The diagnosis of metastatic melanoma was reported, and supported by the results of the immunohistochemical stains. Clinical discussion Malignant melanoma is a very aggressive type of skin cancer. It arises from the melanocytes in the epidermis, uvea, meninges, and intestinal tract. Worldwide, only 40 cases of metastatic melanoma to the gallbladder were documented. Moreover, reviewing the English-language literature showed that primary melanoma is an extraordinary event and was described in about 28 cases. Clinically, metastases from cutaneous melanoma to the gallbladder are usually asymptomatic. Conclusion We report a metastatic malignant melanoma to the gallbladder presented as a polypoid lesion and clinically manifested as acute cholecystitis.
Melanoma is the most serious type of skin cancer. The gallbladder is an extremely rare location for metastatic melanoma. We report a case of a 71-years old woman with metastatic melanoma to the gallbladder presented as acute cholecystitis. Melanoma is a very aggressive tumor. Clinically, metastases from melanoma to the gallbladder are usually asymptomatic.
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4
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Bangeas PI, Bekiaridou A, Tsolakidis A, Efthymiadis KG, Drevelegkas K, Giakoustidis D, Giakoustidis A, Alexidis P, Papadopoulos VN. Role of minimally invasive surgery in the treatment of gallbladder metastatic melanoma. A review of the literature and a case report. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2022; 5:e1549. [PMID: 34981676 PMCID: PMC9327651 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Primary and secondary gallbladder melanomas are rare, and only 58 cases have been reported in scientific literature to date. This paper aimed to explore the role of minimally invasive surgery in the management of gallbladder metastatic melanomas. Case Herein, we present the case of a 68‐year‐old man with metastatic gallbladder melanoma who was treated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Our case management was then compared with that of other cases reported in the literature. Conclusion Currently, metastatic melanomas can be considered as a potentially curable disease. Palliation of symptoms and fast recovery following minimally invasive procedures could be beneficial for these patients. Particularly, laparoscopic procedures appear to prolong the survival of gallbladder melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Ioannis Bangeas
- 1st University Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandra Bekiaridou
- 1st University Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandros Tsolakidis
- 1st University Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | - Dimitris Giakoustidis
- 1st University Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandros Giakoustidis
- 1st University Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Petros Alexidis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Papageorgiou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
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5
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Piltcher-da-Silva R, Sasaki VL, Hutten DO, Percicote AP, Trippia CH, Junior RAA, da Costa MAR, Coelho JCU. Biliary tract melanoma metastasis mimicking hilar cholangiocarcinoma: a case report. J Surg Case Rep 2021; 2021:rjab549. [PMID: 34909174 PMCID: PMC8666198 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjab549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is the 19th leading cause of cancer worldwide. It is an aggressive neoplastic disease in which pathophysiological understanding and management has been in constant evolution in recent decades. The primary site is the skin, uvea and mucous membranes and has the capacity to metastasize to any organ. There are few reports of primary or secondary involvement of the biliary tract. We present the case of a 73-year-old woman with a bile duct lesion suggestive of cholangiocarcinoma and a final diagnosis of a single melanoma metastasis. Surgical treatment was performed due to oligometastatic stage IV melanoma with possibility of R0 resection followed by immune checkpoint therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vivian Laís Sasaki
- Division of General and Digestive Surgery, Hospital Nossa Senhora das Graças, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Debora Oliveira Hutten
- Division of General and Digestive Surgery, Hospital Nossa Senhora das Graças, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Percicote
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Nossa Senhora das Graças, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Júlio Cezar Uili Coelho
- Division of General and Digestive Surgery, Hospital Nossa Senhora das Graças, Curitiba, Brazil
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6
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Cameselle-García S, Pérez JLF, Areses MC, Castro JDFD, Mosquera-Reboredo J, García-Mata J. Primary malignant melanoma of the biliary tract: A case report and literature review. World J Clin Cases 2019; 7:2302-2308. [PMID: 31531323 PMCID: PMC6718783 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v7.i16.2302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary malignant melanoma of the biliary tract (MBT) is a rare condition whose diagnosis requires excluding a primary origin in another location. This paper reviews the most important characteristics of MBT cases published in the literature and reports a new case. The patient reported here is the first case of primary malignant melanoma of the biliary tract with pulmonary metastasis treated with immunotherapy. This patient remains disease-free 36 mo after the treatment of metastatic lung lesions.
CASE SUMMARY A 51-year-old man was admitted to the gastrointestinal department to study obstructive jaundice of a 1 wk clinical course. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography revealed dilatation of the intrahepatic biliary tract and stenosis of the common hepatic duct. Given the suspicion of biliary tract neoplasia, cholecystectomy and resection of the common hepatic duct were performed with hepatic jejunostomy free of complications. Anatomo-pathological diagnosis was melanoma. After intervention, the patient was referred to the Department of Medical Oncology, where a primary origin was excluded in the skin, mucosa, and eyes. This confirmed diagnosis of primary biliary tract melanoma. Computed tomography was performed 12 mo after the procedure revealed several subcentimetric lung nodules. Wedge resection was performed. After confirming the diagnosis of pulmonary metastasis of primary melanoma of the biliary tract, the patient was started on immunotherapy with nivolumab. Tolerance to treatment was excellent. The patient remains disease-free 36 mo after the treatment of metastatic lung lesions.
CONCLUSION The patient reported here is the first case of primary malignant melanoma of the biliary tract with lung metastases successfully treated with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soledad Cameselle-García
- Department of Medical Oncology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, SERGAS, Ourense 32005, Spain
| | - José Luis Fírvida Pérez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, SERGAS, Ourense 32005, Spain
| | - María C Areses
- Department of Medical Oncology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, SERGAS, Ourense 32005, Spain
| | | | | | - Jesús García-Mata
- Department of Medical Oncology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, SERGAS, Ourense 32005, Spain
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7
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Adrian S, Clemens C, Elisabeth SW, Sylvia S. Clinicohistopathological Characteristics of Malignant Melanoma in the Gall Bladder: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Case Rep Pathol 2018; 2018:6471923. [PMID: 29750128 PMCID: PMC5884404 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6471923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Primary gall bladder melanoma is a rare and controversial entity. So far, only 36 cases are documented in the literature. Metastatic melanoma targeting the gall bladder, however, has been reported to occur in about 15-20% of melanoma patients and is much more common. METHODS Based on the case of a 58-year-old woman presenting with multiple melanoma nodules in the gall bladder, we searched in the available literature in PubMed for articles describing a "primary melanoma of the gallbladder" regardless of language used. RESULTS We detected 33 papers that described 36 cases of primary gall bladder melanoma between 1907 and 2017. From different criteria distinguishing primary and secondary gall bladder melanoma, generally, the following were accepted: (1) exclusion of previous primary melanoma, (2) absence of synchronous involvement of other sites, (3) unicity of the lesion, (4) polypoid or papillary shape of the lesion, and (5) presence of junctional melanocitary component. Review of the 36 published cases revealed that only about one-fourth of them fulfilled all the five criteria. CONCLUSION Primary gall bladder melanoma is even rarer than described in the literature, and the question whether this entity really exists remains open.
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Affiliation(s)
- Schmidt Adrian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Triemli Hospital, Birmensdorferstrasse 497, 8063 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Caspar Clemens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital Baden, Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Schmidt-Weiss Elisabeth
- Centre for Hematology and Oncology, Clinic of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Stadlmann Sylvia
- Division of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Baden, Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
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8
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Wang JK, Su F, Ma WJ, Hu HJ, Yang Q, Liu F, Li QS, Li FY. Primary malignant melanoma of the gallbladder with multiple metastases: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8793. [PMID: 29145341 PMCID: PMC5704886 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONAL Primary malignant melanoma of the gallbladder is an extremely rare tumor, with fewer than 40 cases reported in the literature worldwide. The majority of patients presented as a solitary lesion in the gallbladder. To our knowledge, only one case of primary malignant melanoma of the gallbladder with multiple metastases has been reported, which involved the stomach, duodenum, pancreas, jejunum and a mesenteric lymph node. PATIENT CONCERNS We report a case of primary malignant melanoma of the gallbladder with metastases to the duodenal bulb, right adrenal and a celiac lymph node. DIAGNOSES Primary malignant melanoma of the gallbladder with multiple metastases. INTERVENTIONS Gastrojejunostomy, cholecystectomy, and biopsy of the three metastatic lesions were performed. Histopathologic examination revealed melanin pigments were within the tumor cells of the four lesions, however, junctional activity was noted only in the gallbladder, supporting that the gallbladder was the primary site. No pigmented lesions were detected on the skin or eyes. The postoperative recovery was uneventful, and subsequently, chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin was administered. OUTCOMES The patient survived for 16 months due to tumor. progression. LESSONS The current case was unique due to the adrenal involvement. For patients with multiple metastases of malignant melanoma, gallbladder origin should be considered in the differential diagnosis from cutaneous origin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fei Su
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | | | | | | | - Fei Liu
- Department of Biliary Surgery
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9
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Abstract
Malignant melanoma is one of the few malignancies that are well known for unusual behavior. Primary malignant melanoma usually originates from squamous epithelium of skin, mucous membranes, retina, and uvea. Although melanoma can metastasize to any part of the body, including biliary tract, primary malignant melanoma of bile ducts is an extremely rare entity. We present a 52-year-old man who presented with 5-month epigastric pain and 15-pound weight loss, with 1-week duration of jaundice, nausea/vomiting, pale stools, and dark urine, blood work suggested cholestatic jaundice. Imaging revealed a large perihilar/peripancreatic mass involving the portal vein and hepatic artery, and intrahepatic biliary dilation. Biliary brushings revealed neoplastic cells strongly suggestive of malignant melanoma.
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10
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Mikkelsen LH, Larsen AC, von Buchwald C, Drzewiecki KT, Prause JU, Heegaard S. Mucosal malignant melanoma - a clinical, oncological, pathological and genetic survey. APMIS 2016; 124:475-86. [DOI: 10.1111/apm.12529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauge H. Mikkelsen
- Department of Pathology; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Ophthalmology; Rigshospitalet-Glostrup; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Ann-Cathrine Larsen
- Department of Pathology; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Ophthalmology; Rigshospitalet-Glostrup; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Christian von Buchwald
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, and Audiology; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
| | | | - Jan U. Prause
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Steffen Heegaard
- Department of Pathology; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Ophthalmology; Rigshospitalet-Glostrup; Copenhagen Denmark
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11
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Smith NE, Taube JM, Warczynski TM, Collier KD, Pawlik TM. Primary biliary tract melanoma: Report of a case and review of the literature. Int J Surg Case Rep 2012; 3:441-4. [PMID: 22706296 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2012.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Revised: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Primary melanoma of the bile duct is extremely rare with only nine cases of primary melanoma of the bile duct reported in the literature. PRESENTATION OF CASE A 55-year-old previously healthy gentleman developed increasing jaundice over several months and subsequently underwent an ERCP with stone extraction. Cytology brushings in an area of a distal stricture in the bile duct were concerning for cholangiocarcinoma. The patient was referred to our institution and underwent a pancreaticoduodenectomy. The surgical specimen showed a single 4.5cm polypoid lesion located in the bile duct. A diagnosis of melanoma was rendered after immunohistochemical studies on the tumor demonstrated positivity for melanoma markers. Follow-up of the patient with skin, ocular, and lymph node exams showed no evidence of melanoma. A PET scan 4 and 10 months post-surgery failed to reveal either a primary skin lesion or other sites of metastases. DISCUSSION The vast majority of melanomas of the bile duct represent metastases from a cutaneous source and tend to present as multiple flat pigmented lesions. Conversely, cases of primary bile duct melanoma are characterized by a distinct gross morphology consisting of a solitary intraluminal polypoid lesion attached by a pedicle with no other identifiable primary lesion. Other supporting criteria include absence of other involved sites and presence of an in situ junctional component. CONCLUSION Given the clinical history, gross findings, and lack of a primary cutaneous site or other demonstrable metastases, this patient likely represents the tenth reported case of primary biliary tract melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel E Smith
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States
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12
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Matsubayashi H, Kiyohara Y, Sasaki K, Kanemoto H, Urikura K, Kawata N, Kimura H, Ono H. Metastatic malignant melanoma of the gallbladder diagnosed by cytology of endoscopic naso-gallbladder drainage fluid. J Dig Dis 2012; 13:190-194. [PMID: 22356315 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-2980.2011.00565.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kumiko Urikura
- Physiological Examination, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi, Suntogun, Shizuoka, Japan
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13
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Ellis ZM, Jassim AD, Wick MR. Anorectal melanoma in childhood and adolescence. Ann Diagn Pathol 2010; 14:69-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2009.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2009] [Revised: 07/13/2009] [Accepted: 07/16/2009] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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15
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Abstract
This review considers pigmented melanin-containing lesions arising in extracutaneous locations. It includes reactive lesions as well as benign and malignant neoplasms. Melanocytic lesions of the mucosae, nervous system, and individual organs are discussed, and rarer pigmented tumors in unusual sites are also covered. A brief description of the histology and clinical behavior along with proposed explanations for their ectopic location are provided. Emphasis is given to the reality that detailed morphological evaluation and application of ancillary techniques can establish the melanocytic nature and biologic potential of such tumors, but cannot, by themselves, determine the primary or metastatic nature of these lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Piris
- Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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16
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Gassler N, Banafsche N, Quentmeier A, Otto HF, Helmke BM. [Secondary malignant melanoma of the gallbladder. A contribution to the differential diagnosis of pigmented lesions of the gallbladder]. DER PATHOLOGE 2004; 25:155-159. [PMID: 15011002 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-004-0682-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The history of gallbladder involvement by a malignant melanoma in a 65-year-old woman is reported. The gallbladder, clinically resected for cholecystitis, harboured a polypoid dark pigmented tumour. The tumour was identified as a malignant melanoma immunohistochemically by positive reactions for gp100 (HMB45), melan A, and MiTF. Clinically, the patient was treated for cutaneous malignant melanoma by local excision 10 years earlier. The literature of pigmented lesions of the gallbladder is reviewed. In conclusion, the most important differential diagnosis of pigmented lesions of the gallbladder is the secondary gallbladder melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Gassler
- Pathologisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 220/221, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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