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Ormeci T, Turkten I, Sakul BU. Radiological evaluation of patellofemoral instability and possible causes of assessment errors. World J Methodol 2022; 12(2): 64-82 [PMID: 35433342 DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v12.i2.64]
World J Methodol. Mar 20, 2022; 12(2): 64-82 Published online Mar 20, 2022. doi: 10.5662/wjm.v12.i2.64
Radiological evaluation of patellofemoral instability and possible causes of assessment errors
Tugrul Ormeci, Ismail Turkten, Bayram Ufuk Sakul
Tugrul Ormeci, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, İstanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34200, Turkey
Ismail Turkten, Bayram Ufuk Sakul, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, İstanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34820, Beykoz, Turkey
Author contributions: Ormeci T contributed to the study concepts and design, manuscript preparation and writing; Turkten I contributed to the literature research and manuscript preparation; Sakul BU contributed to the manuscript editing and supervised the paper; and all authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: Authors declare no conflict of interest for this article.
Corresponding author: Tugrul Ormeci, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, İstanbul Medipol University, TEM Avrupa Otoyolu Göztepe Çıkışı No. 1, Istanbul 34200, Turkey. tug_ormeci@yahoo.co.uk
Received: January 14, 2021 Peer-review started: January 14, 2021 First decision: October 17, 2021 Revised: October 27, 2021 Accepted: February 9, 2022 Article in press: February 9, 2022 Published online: March 20, 2022 Processing time: 428 Days and 19.6 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: Patellofemoral instability (PI) is the disruption of the patella’s relationship with the trochlear groove. For radiological evaluation, conventional radiographs, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography are used. We examine the tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove distance, patellar height, and patellar tilt measure-ments that require surgical correction and are defined as principal factors, along with other assessment methods that allow the patellofemoral joint to be evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively. We discuss the radiological assessment of patients with PI and possible misconceptions. Knowing the possible causes of measurement errors and avoiding these pitfalls can provide a more reliable road map for treatment.
