Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2016. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Methodol. Mar 26, 2016; 6(1): 65-76
Published online Mar 26, 2016. doi: 10.5662/wjm.v6.i1.65
Vascular targeted photochemotherapy using padoporfin and padeliporfin as a method of the focal treatment of localised prostate cancer - clinician’s insight
Andrzej M Bugaj
Andrzej M Bugaj, College of Health, Beauty Care and Education, 60-133 Poznań, Poland
Andrzej M Bugaj, Laboratory of Diagnostic Ultrasonography, Clinic of Operative and Oncologic Gynaecology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Łódź, 94-029 Łódź, Poland
Author contributions: Bugaj AM solely contributed to this paper.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The author declares no conflict of interests.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Andrzej M Bugaj, PhD, College of Health, Beauty Care and Education, 3 Brzeźnicka Str., 60-133 Poznań, Poland. andrzej.marcin.bugaj@gmail.com
Telephone: +48-501-645004
Received: July 15, 2015
Peer-review started: July 19, 2015
First decision: November 7, 2015
Revised: February 3, 2016
Accepted: February 23, 2016
Article in press: February 24, 2016
Published online: March 26, 2016
Abstract

Vascular targeted photochemotherapy (VTP) holds promise as a novel strategy of the focal treatment of localised prostate cancer (LPCa). It is convenient to perform, minimally invasive and can be conduct in ambulatory conditions. In this review, methodologic aspects of padoporfin- and padeliporfin-mediated VTP and its clinical application in focal treatment of LPCa as well as future perspective of this method were presented. Physicochemical and pharmacokinetic parameters of padoporphin and padeliporfin using as VTP photosensitizers were described, as well as methodologic question of radiation delivery and dosimetry, and oxygen monitoring in cancer tissue in context of VTP safety and efficiency of LPCa focal therapy were discussed. The results of clinical trials concerning application of padoporfin- and padeliporfin-mediated VTP in LPCa were also presented. The future of VTP is development of protocols, founded on the real-time feedback and rules-based approach to make this strategy a standard procedure in LPCa treatment. To evaluate clinical potential of this procedure, a cost-effectiveness analysis is also necessary.

Keywords: Localised prostate cancer, Focal therapy, Vascular-targeted photochemotherapy, Methodology, Clinical trials

Core tip: Vascular targeted photochemotherapy (VTP) represents new paradigm in focal therapy of prostate cancer (PCa). Physicochemical, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of padoporfin and padeliporfin, which are palladium derivatives of bacteriochlorin, make them suitable photosensitizers for VTP. Good visualisation of tumours and selective targeting of tumour lesion are mandatory for VTP to be efficient. Results of clinical trials confirm safety and efficiency of VTP in treatment of PCa. New protocols are necessary to make VTP standard method of PCa therapy.