Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Transl Med. Nov 28, 2026; 12(4): 124522
Published online Nov 28, 2026. doi: 10.5528/wjtm.124522
Published online Nov 28, 2026. doi: 10.5528/wjtm.124522
Fatal hemorrhagic transformation after ischemic stroke in a child with sickle cell disease SS: A case report
Sêtondji Emmanuel Raymond Ahouangansi, Adelin Ouohi, Loes Koffi, Affoua Mouroufié Kossonou, Koffi Isidore Kouamé, Walamitien Cyrille Toure, Yao Vianney Bédié, Koffi Manassé Kakou, Etienne Spah N’dah, Kadidja Koné, Stéphane Charles Evrard Adingra, Konaté Aboudramane, Yikpé Denis Ayé, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, Abidjan 01 BP V 34, 01, Côte d’Ivoire
Author contributions: Ahouangansi SER contributed to the study concept, clinical management, data collection, manuscript drafting, and final approval of the manuscript; Ahouangansi SER, Ouohi A, Koffi L, Kossonou AM, Kouamé KI, Toure WC, Bédié YV, Kakou KM, N’dah ES, Koné K, Adingra SCE, Aboudramane K, and Ayé YD contributed to data collection, clinical management, critical review, and final approval of the manuscript.
AI contribution statement: The authors take full responsibility and accountability for all content of this manuscript, including any portions for which AI tools were used as assistive technologies. All AI-assisted outputs were carefully reviewed, validated, and approved by the authors. AI tools were not used to generate original scientific data, perform independent scientific analyses, or draw scientific conclusions.
Informed consent statement: Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this report and any accompanying images.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors declare no conflicts of interest related to this publication.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Corresponding author: Sêtondji Emmanuel Raymond Ahouangansi, MD, Assistant Chief of Clinic, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, Abidjan 01 BP V 34, 01, Côte d’Ivoire.
Received: June 18, 2026
Revised: August 12, 2026
Accepted: October 10, 2026
Published online: November 28, 2026
Processing time: 140 Days and 2.1 Hours
Revised: August 12, 2026
Accepted: October 10, 2026
Published online: November 28, 2026
Processing time: 140 Days and 2.1 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: This case highlights the fatal consequences of absent secondary stroke prevention in a child with sickle cell disease homozygous SS (SCD-SS). An 8-year-old girl who survived an initial ischemic stroke subsequently developed a fatal hemorrhagic stroke in the setting of Plasmodium falciparum malaria, without having received secondary preventive care. In sub-Saharan Africa, limited access to transcranial Doppler screening and exchange transfusion programs continues to place children with SCD-SS at high risk of recurrent cerebrovascular events. This report underscores the urgent need to strengthen early screening and secondary stroke prevention strategies in resource-limited settings.