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Shah H, Patwardhan L, Sharma S. Congenital pulmonary airway malformation of a congenital lung disease with a potential hybrid lesion: A case report. World J Transl Med 2026; 12(4): 125141 [DOI: 10.5528/wjtm.125141]
World J Transl Med. Nov 28, 2026; 12(4): 125141 Published online Nov 28, 2026. doi: 10.5528/wjtm.125141
Congenital pulmonary airway malformation of a congenital lung disease with a potential hybrid lesion: A case report
Harsh Shah, Leeena Patwardhan, Sunita Sharma
Harsh Shah, Laboratory Medicine, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai 400012, Mahārāshtra, India
Leeena Patwardhan, Sunita Sharma, Laboratory Medicine, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital, Parel, Mumbai 400012, Mahārāshtra, India
Co-first authors: Harsh Shah and Leeena Patwardhan.
Co-corresponding authors: Harsh Shah and Sunita Sharma.
Author contributions: Patwardhan L and Sharma S moderated and framed the outline of the report; Shah H wrote the case report; and all the authors are histopathologists who reported this case.
AI contribution statement: No contribution of AI in preparing the manuscript.
Informed consent statement: Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this report and any accompanying images.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest to disclose.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Corresponding author: Harsh Shah, MD, Academic Fellow, Postdoctoral Fellow, Laboratory Medicine, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel, Mumbai 400012, Mahārāshtra, India. 1995harshcshah@gmail.com
Received: June 30, 2026 Revised: August 17, 2026 Accepted: October 9, 2026 Published online: November 28, 2026 Processing time: 127 Days and 21.4 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM), formerly known as congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation is a congenital lung lesion associated with cystic and non-cystic lung malformations that arise from abnormal branching during the embryological development of lung. The diagnosis is based on a combination of gross and microscopic features. Modified Stocker classification is used to subtype these malformations. These anomalies are usually benign, with few types with the risk of undergoing malignant transformation.
CASE SUMMARY
A 5 years 9 months old female child complained of fever, on and off since 1 month. There were no additional complaints. No associated past history. On performing investigations, computed tomography chest showed an incidental multicystic lesion in right lower lobe situated medially and posteriorly suggestive of an intralobar sequestrum along with an airway malformation with collection of infected serous fluid within the cystic spaces.
CONCLUSION
CPAM type-2 with a possible adjacent acquired intralobar sequestrum can be a potential hybrid lesion.
Core Tip: Cystic pulmonary airway malformation is a congenital lung lesion associated with abnormal branching during the embryological development of lung leading to cystic and non-cystic lung malformations. The diagnosis of this condition is based on a combination of gross and microscopic features. Appropriate classification into its type of lesion is of an utmost necessity. The classification of lesion predicts the prognosis, possibility of malignancy and other congenital anomalies. Early detection of the anomaly can also help in prevention and progression of malignancy.
