Copyright
©The Author(s) 2018. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Transplantation. Oct 22, 2018; 8(6): 203-219
Published online Oct 22, 2018. doi: 10.5500/wjt.v8.i6.203
Published online Oct 22, 2018. doi: 10.5500/wjt.v8.i6.203
Complement-mediated renal diseases after kidney transplantation - current diagnostic and therapeutic options in de novo and recurrent diseases
Fedaey Abbas, Nephrology Department, Jaber El Ahmed Military Hospital, Safat 13005, Kuwait
Fedaey Abbas, Mohsen El Kossi, Jon Jin Kim, Ihab Sakr Shaheen, Ajay Sharma, Ahmed Halawa, Faculty of Health and Science, University of Liverpool, Institute of Learning and Teaching, School of Medicine, Liverpool L69 3GB, United Kingdom
Mohsen El Kossi, Doncaster Royal Infirmary, Doncaster DN2 5LT, United Kingdom
Jon Jin Kim, Nottingham Children Hospital, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
Ihab Sakr Shaheen, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow G51 4TF, United Kingdom
Ajay Sharma, Royal Liverpool University Hospitals, Liverpool L7 8XP, United Kingdom
Ahmed Halawa, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield S57AU, United Kingdom
Author contributions: Abbas F designed the study, data collection, writing the manuscript; El Kossi M, Kim JJ, Shaheen IS and Sharma A reviewed and edited the manuscript; Halawa A contributed to conceptualization, designing the study, supervising the data collection and reviewing and editing the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: No conflict of interest.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Ahmed Halawa, FRSC, MD, Senior Lecturer, Consultant Transplant Surgeon, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Herries Road, Sheffield S57AU, United Kingdom. ahmed.halawa@sth.nhs.uk
Telephone: +44-778-7542128 Fax: +44-114-2714604
Received: July 19, 2018
Peer-review started: July 19, 2018
First decision: July 29, 2018
Revised: August 9, 2018
Accepted: August 27, 2018
Article in press: August 27, 2018
Published online: October 22, 2018
Peer-review started: July 19, 2018
First decision: July 29, 2018
Revised: August 9, 2018
Accepted: August 27, 2018
Article in press: August 27, 2018
Published online: October 22, 2018
Core Tip
Core tip: The recent progress in our understanding of the pathophysiology of complement-mediated diseases is gaining considerable popularity. Complement dysregulation due to inherited or acquired factors is currently the culprit mechanism. Several constitutional abnormalities usually trigger the process of recurrence, with a subsequent high rate of graft loss. The development of the terminal complement inhibitor “eculizumab” is a breakthrough in controlling abnormal complement activation. While diagnosing complement abnormalities is one challenge, treatment cost with this new agent is another major hurdle in any health care system. New lines of promising therapies are currently in the pipeline.