Swanson KJ. Kidney disease in non-kidney solid organ transplantation. World J Transplant 2022; 12(8): 231-249 [PMID: 36159075 DOI: 10.5500/wjt.v12.i8.231]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Kurtis J Swanson, MD, Assistant Professor, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street SE, Suite 353, MMC 1932, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States. kjswanson88@gmail.com
Research Domain of This Article
Transplantation
Article-Type of This Article
MINIREVIEWS
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Transplant. Aug 18, 2022; 12(8): 231-249 Published online Aug 18, 2022. doi: 10.5500/wjt.v12.i8.231
Kidney disease in non-kidney solid organ transplantation
Kurtis J Swanson
Kurtis J Swanson, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States
Author contributions: Swanson KJ contributed to the concept/design, article drafting, critical revision of article and approval of article.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The author reports no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Kurtis J Swanson, MD, Assistant Professor, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street SE, Suite 353, MMC 1932, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States. kjswanson88@gmail.com
Received: January 29, 2022 Peer-review started: January 29, 2022 First decision: March 25, 2022 Revised: April 7, 2022 Accepted: July 11, 2022 Article in press: July 11, 2022 Published online: August 18, 2022
Abstract
Kidney disease after non-kidney solid organ transplantation (NKSOT) is a common post-transplant complication associated with deleterious outcomes. Kidney disease, both acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease (CKD) alike, emanates from multifactorial, summative pre-, peri- and post-transplant events. Several factors leading to kidney disease are shared amongst solid organ transplantation in addition to distinct mechanisms unique to individual transplant types. The aim of this review is to summarize the current literature describing kidney disease in NKSOT. We conducted a narrative review of pertinent studies on the subject, limiting our search to full text studies in the English language. Kidney disease after NKSOT is prevalent, particularly in intestinal and lung transplantation. Management strategies in the peri-operative and post-transplant periods including proteinuria management, calcineurin-inhibitor minimization/ sparing approaches, and nephrology referral can counteract CKD progression and/or aid in subsequent kidney after solid organ transplantation. Kidney disease after NKSOT is an important consideration in organ allocation practices, ethics of transplantation. Kidney disease after SOT is an incipient condition demanding further inquiry. While some truths have been revealed about this chronic disease, as we have aimed to describe in this review, continued multidisciplinary efforts are needed more than ever to combat this threat to patient and allograft survival.
Core Tip: Kidney disease in the non-kidney solid organ transplant population occurs at significantly higher rate than the general population. Pre-transplant morbidity as well as peri-/post-transplant events contribute to this prevalence. Management strategies throughout the journey of non-renal solid organ transplantation are being studied, including transplantation after native kidney failure to help offset the morbidity/mortality of chronic kidney disease and maximize the benefit of non-kidney solid organ transplantation.
