Published online Jun 18, 2021. doi: 10.5500/wjt.v11.i6.244
Peer-review started: April 7, 2021
First decision: May 5, 2021
Revised: May 12, 2021
Accepted: June 1, 2021
Article in press: June 1, 2021
Published online: June 18, 2021
Bartonellosis is a rare but challenging condition to diagnose with a spectrum of clinical presentations in the immunocompromised host.
To further characterize the presentation of Bartonella henselae (B. henselae) infec
We conducted a single-center retrospective study of all B. henselae testing for 5012 transplant recipients receiving care at a single institution between 2011 and 2018.
We identified 38 patients who underwent testing for B. henselae, and three of 38 were found to have bartonellosis. Two of the patients were renal transplant recipients who presented with visceral bartonellosis and symptoms concerning for post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder. One autologous stem cell transplant recipient presented with cat scratch disease. We detail the clinical courses of these three cases and review the literature concerning the clinical presentations, differential diagnosis, and limitations of diagnostic tests for B. henselae infections in transplant recipients.
Although the incidence of B. henselae infection in transplant recipients is unknown, it merits inclusion in the differential diagnosis for fever of unknown origin in this population.
Core Tip: Bartonellosis is a rare but challenging condition to diagnose. We conducted a single-center retrospective study of all Bartonella henselae (B. henselae) testing for 5012 transplant recipients receiving their care at our institution between 2011 and 2018. We identified 38 patients who underwent testing for B. henselae, and three of 38 were found to have bartonellosis. Two of the patients were renal transplant recipients and presented with symptoms concerning for post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder. One stem cell transplant recipient presented with cat scratch disease. We detail the clinical courses of these three cases and review the literature concerning B. henselae infections in transplant recipients.