Effectiveness and safety of blonanserin monotherapy for first-episode schizophrenia with and without prominent negative symptoms: A prospective study

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of prominent negative symptoms and non-prominent negative symptoms

	n	PNS	n	Non-PNS	N	Total	Statistics	P value
Age, year, mean ± SD	343	32.38 ± 13.77	310	35.06 ± 16.86	653	33.66 ± 5.36	t = 2.21	0.027a
Sex, female, n (%)	343	193 (56.3)	310	179 (57.7)	653	372 (57.0)	χ2 = 0.14	0.704
Weight, kg, mean ± SD	343	61.62 ± 10.44	310	61.66 ± 10.60	653	61.64 ± 10.50	t = 0.04	0.967
Height, cm, mean ± SD	199	166.36 ± 7.68	156	166.48 ± 7.24	355	166.41 ± 7.48	t = 0.14	0.887
Body mass index, kg/m2, mean ± SD	199	22.57 ± 2.84	156	22.08 ± 3.15	355	22.35 ± 2.99	t = -1.54	0.124
Duration of disease, month, mean ± SD	343	21.02 ± 56.18	310	13.26 ± 32.88	653	17.34 ± 46.72	t = -2.18	0.030a
BPRS total score, mean ± SD	343	57.41 ± 14.76	310	37.46 ± 10.51	653	47.94 ± 16.31	t = -20.04	< 0.001b
BPRS negative symptoms subscale, mean ± SD	343	12.30 ± 2.95	310	6.35 ± 1.36	653	9.47 ± 3.78	t = -33.66	< 0.001b
BPRS positive symptoms subscale, mean ± SD	343	13.71 ± 4.23	310	9.43 ± 3.45	653	11.68 ± 4.43	t = -14.25	< 0.001b
BPRS anxiety-depression subscale, mean ± SD	343	11.70 ± 4.21	310	8.33 ± 3.57	653	10.10 ± 4.27	t = -11.06	< 0.001b
BPRS activation subscale, mean ± SD	343	8.10 ± 3.37	310	5.11 ± 2.39	653	6.68 ± 3.30	t = -13.18	< 0.001b
BPRS hostility-suspiciousness subscale, mean ± SD	343	11.59 ± 3.65	310	8.25 ± 3.17	653	10.00 ± 3.81	t = -12.54	< 0.001b

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.001.

BPRS: Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; PNS: Prominent negative symptoms; SD: Standard deviation.

Table 2 Adverse reactions (n = 653), n (%)

	Mild		Moderate		Severe
	Patients	Cases, n	Patients	Cases, n	Patients	Cases, n
Total ADRs	47 (7.2)	71	24 (3.7)	32	5 (0.8)	5
Neurological disorders
Akathisia	24 (3.7)	25	12 (1.8)	12	1 (0.2)	1
Tremor	9 (1.4)	9	6 (0.9)	6	0 (0)	0
Dystonia	7 (1.1)	7	6 (0.9)	6	1 (0.2)	1
Parkinsonism	5 (0.8)	5	5 (0.8)	5	0 (0)	0
Investigations
Weight gain	4 (0.6)	4	0 (0)	0	0 (0)	0
Increased heart rate	3 (0.5)	3	0 (0)	0	0 (0)	0
Abnormal liver function	2 (0.3)	2	0 (0)	0	0 (0)	0
Sleep disorders	5 (0.8)	5	0 (0)	0	0 (0)	0
Gastrointestinal disorders	3 (0.5)	3	1 (0.2)	1	0 (0)	0
Kidney and urinary disorders	1 (0.2)	2	1 (0.2)	1	1 (0.2)	1

Adverse reactions with the total frequency ≥ 0.3% were listed. Sleep disorders included insomnia and drowsiness, gastrointestinal disorders included constipation and nausea, and kidney and urinary disorders included dysuria and urinary tract infection. ADRs: Adverse reactions.