Social media and schizophrenia: An update on clinical applications

Table 1 Summary of findings across social media platforms related to schizophrenia diagnosis

Ref.	Social media platform	Findings
Kelly et al[4]	Facebook	Blinded clinical raters assessed Facebook posts using standardized symptom scales that correlated with in-person assessments
Birnbaum et al[5]	Twitter	Combined clinical appraisals with machine learning to achieve accuracy of 88% differentiating users with schizophrenia from controls
Hswen et al[6,7]	Twitter	Users with schizophrenia tweet more frequently about depression, anxiety, and suicidality
Rezaii et al[8]	Reddit	Low semantic density and content about voices and sounds in users’ posts were core variables in differentiating users with schizophrenia
Bae et al[9]	Reddit	Machine learning differentiated users with schizophrenia through increased third person plural pronouns, negative emotion words, and symptom-related topics
Kim et al[10]	Reddit	Machine learning able to analyze users’ posts and categorize into range of psychiatric diagnoses
Hänsel et al[11]	Instagram	Users with schizophrenia spectrum disorders found to have significantly lower saturation, colorfulness, and decreased number of faces in posted images