Development of an instrument to measure patients’ attitudes towards involuntary hospitalization

Table 7 Rotated factor matrix, attitude towards involuntary hospitalization scale scores¹

Items perceptions of involuntary hospitalizations scale (n = 21)
Factors extracted	Factor loadings
	F1	F2	F3
I think that my hospitalization was unfair	0.80
I think that hospitalization was against my rights	0.71
I think that my hospitalization was not necessary at all	0.70
Hospitalization against my will posed a permanent threat to my independency	0.59
I felt that I was not heard	0.60
Admission to hospital was humiliating experience	0.58
I believe that I was offered the opportunity to recover in a safe place	0.56
This admission had a negative impact upon the relationship with my family	0.54
My relationship with my psychiatrist was negatively impacted by this involuntary admission	0.51
My problem might have been managed through a shorter hospitalization	0.51	0.46
I felt that my current or future job could be affected by being in hospital against my will	0.51
I think my family should have been involved in the decision about my admission	0.40
My problem might have been managed through a voluntary hospitalization		0.74
I could not recognize that I need help when I was very ill		0.65
My problem could have been managed without being pressured	0.39	0.52
I think that being detained as an involuntary patient has averted further harm to me		0.51
I was given the chance to appeal my involuntary admission			0.67
I was given passes and other privileges outside the unit when my doctors felt it was ok			0.59
I know my rights as an involuntary patient		0.55	0.56
Overall, I was treated with respect			0.56
I felt that I was pressured excessively			0.48
Internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) for each factor	0.85	0.68	0.57
Proportion of observed variance for each factor (%)	25.6	10.0	8.8

¹Principal components extraction, Varimax rotation with Kaiser Normalization. Rotation converged in twelve iterations, factor loadings < 0.35 have been excluded. Factor 1: Violations of legal rights and autonomy; Factor 2: Ambivalent perceptions; Factor 3: Appreciating procedural justice.