Melancholia in medieval Persian literature: The view of Hidayat of Al-Akhawayni

Table 1 Comparison of the Al-Akhawayni’s described groups of patients with melancholia to the DSM-5 for known neuropsychiatric disorders

Al-Akhawayni’s classification of melancholia	Associated psychiatric disorders (based on DSM-5 criteria)
Group 1	Major depressive disorder with psychotic features
Group 2	Bipolar disorder with psychotic features
	Schizophrenia
	Delusional disorder
Group 3	Bipolar mood disorder, major depressive disorder, or eating disorders