Published online Dec 9, 2014. doi: 10.5497/wjp.v3.i4.193
Revised: September 22, 2014
Accepted: October 1, 2014
Published online: December 9, 2014
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) almost recurs after liver transplantation for HCV-related liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Management of HCV recurrence after liver transplantation is challenging because the traditional interferon-based therapy is often patient-intolerable and inducing cytopenia, and dose reduction is needed. The response rate in liver recipients is inferior to those of chronic HCV infection. About 5 percent of liver recipients receiving interferon-based therapy would develop immune-mediated graft injury and may need retransplantation. Recent advances of anti-HCV therapy for chronic HCV infection has evolutionary changing the schema from interferon-based, to interferon-free, and even to ribavirin -free, all oral combinations for pan-genotypes. Management of HCV recurrence after liver transplantation is currently evolving too and promising results will soon come to the stage. This “fast-track” concise review focuses on the issues relevant to HCV recurrence after liver transplantation and provides up-to-date information of the trend of the management. A real-world case demonstration of management was presented here to illustrate the potential complications of anti-HCV therapy after liver transplantation.
Core tip: Management of hepatitis C virus (HCV) recurrence after liver transplantation used to be a bothering issue due mostly to the interferon-based therapy. Current available data from treatment of chronic HCV infection shows promising results of interferon-free, or even ribavirin-free, pan-genotypic, all oral medications will soon reform the treatment of HCV recurrence after liver transplantation.