Minireviews
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2019.
World J Hypertens. Mar 12, 2019; 9(1): 1-16
Published online Mar 12, 2019. doi: 10.5494/wjh.v9.i1.1
Table 1 Causes of secondary hypertension and initial screening tests1
HyperaldosteronismSerum renin-aldosterone ratio
Renal parenchymal diseaseSerum creatinine
Obstructive sleep apneaPolysomnography
PheochromocytomaSerum metanephrine and 24-h urine catecholamines
Renal artery stenosisRenal artery duplex
Coarctation of the aortaCT angiogram
Cushing’s disease24-h free urinary cortisol and late-night salivary cortiso1
Thyroid diseaseTSH and freeT4
AcromegalySerum growth hormone
Table 2 Medication and drugs known to cause hypertension[29,33,34]
NSAIDs
Estrogens/Progestins
Anabolic Steroids
Corticosteroids
COX-2 Inhibitors
SSRI/SNRI
Tricyclic antidepressants
Lithium
Buspirone
Carbamazepine
Calcineurin inhibitors
Pseudoephedrine
Amphetamine derivatives
1Chemotherapy agents
Caffeine
Methamphetamines
Cocaine
Ginseng, St John’s Wort, Ephedra, Yohimbine
Alcohol