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©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Exp Med. Sep 20, 2025; 15(3): 107020
Published online Sep 20, 2025. doi: 10.5493/wjem.v15.i3.107020
Published online Sep 20, 2025. doi: 10.5493/wjem.v15.i3.107020
Figure 1 Mechanistic pathways of glucagon-like peptide-1 and its receptor agonists in rheumatic disease modulation.
cAMP: Cyclic adenosine monophosphate; GLP-1RA: Glucagon-like peptide-1 and its receptor agonist(s); IL: Interleukin; NF-κB: Nuclear factor kappa B; Th: T helper type; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha.
- Citation: Chamchoum E, Katrib N, Nassif N, Ratel Y, Rida MA. Glucagon-like peptide and its receptor agonists for the treatment of rheumatic diseases. World J Exp Med 2025; 15(3): 107020
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-315X/full/v15/i3/107020.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5493/wjem.v15.i3.107020