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World J Exp Med. Sep 20, 2026; 16(3): 125128
Published online Sep 20, 2026. doi: 10.5493/wjem.125128
Published online Sep 20, 2026. doi: 10.5493/wjem.125128
Changes in the metabolism of axillary lymph node cells as a predictor of regional metastasis in breast cancer
Marina A Senchukova, Dmitry G Tagabilev, Scientific and Clinical Center No. 3, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow 108840, Troitsk, Russia
Azamat T Ishemgulov, Sergey N Letuta, Department of Biophysics, Orenburg State University, Orenburg 460018, Russia
Natalia V Saidler, Department of Pathology, Orenburg Regional Cancer Clinic, Orenburg 460021, Orenburgskaya Oblast’, Russia
Author contributions: Senchukova MA formulated the idea and aims of the study, wrote the first version of the manuscript and performed the analysis of the results and statistical processing of the results; Saidler NV made a significant contribution to the development of the study methodology, participated in the preparation of tables and figures; Ishemgulov AT designed and performed all the experiments with the determination of delayed luminescence of erythrosine (DLE) in breast tissue; Letuta SN upended the experiments to determine the DLE in breast tissues and participated in the discussion of the research results; and Tagabilev DG participated in the discussion of the obtained results and helped to revise the manuscript. All the authors wrote and approved the final version of the manuscript.
AI contribution statement: The authors did not use any AI tool in preparing this manuscript.
Supported by Russian Science Foundation, No. 23-25-00183.
Institutional review board statement: Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Orenburg State Medical University (No. 311, dated January 13, 2023).
Clinical trial registration statement: The study does not require registration as it does not meet the definition of a clinical trial.
Informed consent statement: All patients provided written informed consent to participate in the clinical study.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors (Azamat T Ishemgulov, Marina A Senchukova, Sergey N Letuta and Natalia V Saydler) declare the existence of a patent interest: "Method for detecting tumor tissue in surgical material for breast cancer." Patent number RU 2835219 C1 02/25/2025.
CONSORT 2010 statement: The authors have read the CONSORT 2010 Statement, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CONSORT 2010 Statement.
Data sharing statement: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Corresponding author: Marina A Senchukova, Scientific and Clinical Center No. 3, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Oktyabrsky Prospekt, 3, Moscow 108840, Troitsk, Russia. masenchukova@yandex.com
Received: July 1, 2026
Revised: August 3, 2026
Accepted: August 28, 2026
Published online: September 20, 2026
Processing time: 83 Days and 3.7 Hours
Revised: August 3, 2026
Accepted: August 28, 2026
Published online: September 20, 2026
Processing time: 83 Days and 3.7 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: We studied the delayed luminescence of erythrosine indicators and the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) in axillary lymph nodes (LN) from patients with breast cancer. The results indicated that metastatic LNs exhibit greater oxygen consumption by tumor cells and that changes in tumor cell metabolism are associated with increased CXCR4 and VCAM-1 expression in axillary LNs.