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©The Author(s) 2015. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Crit Care Med. May 4, 2015; 4(2): 130-138
Published online May 4, 2015. doi: 10.5492/wjccm.v4.i2.130
Published online May 4, 2015. doi: 10.5492/wjccm.v4.i2.130
Tumor lysis syndrome: A clinical review
Aibek E Mirrakhimov, Prakruthi Voore, Maliha Khan, Alaa M Ali, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Joseph Hospital, Chicago, IL 60657, United States
Author contributions: All the authors equally contributed to this work.
Conflict-of-interest: None.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Aibek E Mirrakhimov, MD, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Joseph Hospital, 2900 N. Lake Shore, Chicago, IL 60657, United States. amirrakhimov1@gmail.com
Telephone: +1-773-6653015 Fax: +1-773-6653384
Received: October 10, 2014
Peer-review started: October 10, 2014
First decision: November 27, 2014
Revised: December 20, 2014
Accepted: February 10, 2015
Article in press: February 12, 2015
Published online: May 4, 2015
Peer-review started: October 10, 2014
First decision: November 27, 2014
Revised: December 20, 2014
Accepted: February 10, 2015
Article in press: February 12, 2015
Published online: May 4, 2015
Core Tip
Core tip: Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is characterized by a massive tumor cell death leading to the development of metabolic derangements and target organ dysfunction. TLS can occur as a result of cancer treatment or spontaneously. Blood cancers constitute the vast majority of TLS cases because of the sensitivity to therapy and rapid division rates. Solid cancers comprise the minority of cases and are usually advanced if complicated by TLS. Prophylaxis is the mainstay of management and should be routinely implemented in high and intermediate risk patients. Management of established TLS includes intravenous hydration, urate lowering therapies, management of hyperkalemia and hemodialysis in refractory cases.