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de Souza Fonseca RR, de Oliveira ML, Tanaka EB, da Graça RV, Laurentino RV, Machado LFA, de Menezes SAF. Clinical evaluation of pain perception and surgical wound healing after lower labial frenectomy with diode laser technique: pilot study. Lasers Med Sci 2025; 40:104. [PMID: 39969597 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-025-04370-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2025] [Indexed: 02/20/2025]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the postoperative period of diode laser frenectomies of the lower labial frenulum (LLF) with anomalous insertions and the perceptions of postoperative pain and wound healing. This cross-sectional pilot study evaluated 3 patients who underwent mandibular labial frenectomy with a diode laser between April 2024 and July 2024. Individuals were divided into two groups according LLF insertion type and the parameters evaluated were gender, age, traumatic brushing, dentin hypersensitivity (DH), traumatic brushing, postoperative pain presence, healing, analgesic use and periodontal parameters, with follow-up occurring up to 90 days after frenectomy. Statistical analyses were performed by frequency of categorical variables, Fisher's exact test and G test were used for intra and intergroup comparisons and the Wilcoxon test was used to compare different postoperative times, with the level of significance set at 0.05 (p < 0.05). The mean age of the sample was 34.6 years and there was a predominance of female participants (n = 2/ 66.6%), we verified that 2 (66.6%) patients presented a bifurcated frenulum insertion and 100% presented mild to intense DH and gingival recession. In the postoperative period, 100% of individuals reported pain and visual dissatisfaction with the scar until the 4th day of follow-up and after 30 days of follow-up only 1 individual remained with pain and visual dissatisfaction with the scar and no evaluated parameter showed statistical significance. Diode laser frenectomy proved to be effective in controlling postoperative pain, improving healing and reducing bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Roberto de Souza Fonseca
- Federal University of Para, Belém, Brazil.
- University Center of State of Pará, Belém, Brazil.
- FIBRA University Center, Belém, Brazil.
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Birang R, Sadeghi SM, Birang E, Birang N, Fekrazad R, Soltani S, Chiniforush N, Yaghini J. A Comparative Study of the Use of a 980 nm Diode Laser and 10600nm CO2 in the Treatment of Gingival Melanin Pigmentation. J Lasers Med Sci 2024; 15:e61. [PMID: 39802908 PMCID: PMC11725038 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2024.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2025]
Abstract
Introduction: Gingival depigmentation with the help of lasers is known as an effective technique. The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of 980nm diode and CO2 lasers in the treatment of gingival hyperpigmentation. Methods: In this clinical trial study, 14 individuals (8 females and 6 males) with the age range of 19 to 47 years were selected. One quadrant was randomly treated with CO2 laser (10600 nm, non-contact, super pulse mode) and the opposite quadrant was treated with a diode laser (980 nm, continuous wave [CW], 1.5 W). The area of the pigmented region, Dummett oral pigmentation index (DOPI), the amount of changes in the RGB parameter (red, green, blue) and ΔE* in clinical photographs before, one and three months after the treatment were calculated by ImageJ and Photoshop software. Pain and discomfort were assessed one hour, one day and one week later by the visual analogue scale (VAS). In addition, after 3 months, the cosmetic results achieved for the different therapeutic approaches were evaluated by patients and professional evaluator. Data were analyzed by the paired samples t test, repeated measures ANOVA and Wilcoxon test. Results: The results of this study showed that the duration of CO2 laser treatment was statistically and significantly shorter than the time of 980-diode laser treatment (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the pigmented lesion area (P>0.05), RGB parameter (P>0.05), DOPI index (P>0.05) and ΔE parameter (P>0.05) in one month and three months after treatment follow-ups between the two types of lasers. There was no statistically significant difference in patient satisfaction (P>0.05) and professional evaluation (P>0.05) between the two groups of lasers. Post-treatment pain scores were not statistically significant between the two groups. Conclusion: Both 980-nm diode laser and 10600-nm CO2 are effective in the treatment of gingival depigmentation while CO2 laser radiation with super pulse mode is faster in terms of operating time. While working with the diode laser is more controllable. Trial Registration Number: IRCT20200309046728N1; https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Birang
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sayed Mohsen Sadeghi
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Ehsan Birang
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Birang
- Post Graduate Student of Physical Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- Radiation Sciences Research Center, Laser Research Center in Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Soltani
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Nasim Chiniforush
- Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jaber Yaghini
- Department of Periodontics, Dental Implants Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Hu Q, Liu X, Zhao Z, Guo Z, Liu Q, Liu N. Clinical efficacy and pain control of diode laser-assisted flap surgery in the treatment of chronic periodontitis:A systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33510. [PMID: 39040384 PMCID: PMC11260959 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the diode laser-assisted periodontal flap surgery's clinical effectiveness and postoperative pain management in treating chronic periodontitis, and to offer evidence-based medical justification for the procedure's clinical use. Data sources and study selection In this study, a computer combined with manual search was used to search for articles on diode laser-assisted periodontal flap surgery for the treatment of chronic periodontitis published from the establishment of the database to September 2023. The databases searched included China Academic Journal Full Text Database (CNKI), China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), Wanfang Database, PubMed, Web of science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Scopus. Two researchers independently performed the screening and study selection, following the inclusion and exclusion standards to extract basic information and required data. Meta-analysis of the included literature was performed using Revman V5.4 software. Result Thirteen articles were analyzed. Meta-analysis showed that the use of the diode laser was effective in reducing patients' probing pocket depth (PPD) at 3 and 6 months postoperatively (3 months: MD = -0.46, 95 % CI = [-0.89, -0.03], P = 0.04; 6 months: MD = -0.35, 95 % CI = [-0.63, -0.06], P = 0.02), was able to effectively improve 3 month clinical attachment level (CAL) (MD = -0.36, 95 % CI = [-0.66, -0.06], P = 0.02), and was able to promote wound healing and reduce patients' early postoperative pain (MD = 0.67, 95 % CI = [0.01, 1.32], P = 0.05; MD = -1.67, 95 % CI = [-2.23, -1.00], and P < 0. 001), while for gingival index (GI), the use of diode laser did not have a significant effect. Conclusions The available evidence suggests that the use of a diode laser adjunct is effective in reducing PPD, improving CAL, promoting wound healing, and reducing early postoperative pain in patients compared with flap application alone; however, for GI, diode lasers did not show any improvements. Clinical significance Periodontal flap surgery fails to eliminate microorganisms from the soft tissue wall, potentially leading to recolonization, reinfection, and accompanying side effects such as pain and swelling. The use of a diode laser reduces PPD, improves CAL, and relieves early postoperative pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyu Hu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Xuanning Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Zirui Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Zhijiao Guo
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Qing Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
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Park JS, Jung H, Ryu JJ, Koo KT, Lee J. Effect of erbium, chromium-doped: yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet laser-assisted periodontal therapy using radial firing tip during early healing period: a randomized controlled split-mouth clinical trial. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:539. [PMID: 38720276 PMCID: PMC11080134 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04270-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to demonstrate the efficacy of erbium, chromium-doped:yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser-assisted nonsurgical periodontal therapy in periodontitis patients during 8 weeks of healing. METHODS A split-mouth, single-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 12 patients diagnosed with stage III/IV periodontitis and had a minimum of two teeth with probing pocket depth (PPD) > 5 mm in at least two quadrants. Upon randomization, each quadrant was assigned for conventional scaling and root planing (SRP) procedure or laser-assisted therapy (SRP + laser) using radial firing tip (RFPT 5, Biolase). Clinical measurements and gingival crevicular fluid collection were performed for statistical analysis. RESULTS In the initial statistical analysis on the whole subject teeth, modified gingival index (MGI) reduction was greater in test group at 1(P = 0.0153), 4 (P = 0.0318), and 8 weeks (P = 0.0047) compared to the control in the same period. PPD reduction at 4 weeks in test group was -1.67 ± 0.59 showing significant difference compared to the control (-1.37 ± 0.63, P = 0.0253). When teeth with mean PPD ≥5 mm were sorted, MGI decrease was significantly greater in test group at 1 (P=0.003) and 8 week (P=0.0102) follow-ups. PPD reduction was also significantly greater in test group at 4 week period (-1.98 ± 0.55 vs -1.58 ± 0.56, test vs control, P=0.0224). CONCLUSIONS Er,Cr:YSGG-assisted periodontal therapy is beneficial in MGI and PPD reductions during early healing period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Soo Park
- Department of Periodontology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hannah Jung
- Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Jun Ryu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Koo
- School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaebum Lee
- Laboratory for Applied Periodontal & Craniofacial Research, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA.
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Yun JH, Jang JY, Shin YS, Kim HJ, Kim CH, Park DY. Effect of monopolar diathermy power settings on postoperative pain, wound healing, and tissue damage after tonsillectomy: a randomized clinical trial. Sci Rep 2024; 14:267. [PMID: 38167450 PMCID: PMC10761731 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50633-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the impact of varying monopolar diathermy power settings on postoperative pain, hemorrhage, and wound healing following tonsillectomy. A single-center, prospective, randomized, double-blinded, controlled clinical study was conducted. During bilateral tonsillectomy procedures, one tonsil received low-power settings (15 W, cutting/blend) while the other tonsil received high-power settings (35 W, cutting/blend). Postoperative pain scores (0-10) and wound healing scores (0-3) were evaluated immediately after surgery and at 1, 2, and 4 weeks postoperatively using the visual analog scale. Additionally, histological analysis was performed on electrically resected tonsil tissues to assess tissue damage in the tonsil bed. The allocation of high and low power settings to each side was randomized. Results showed that 1 week after the surgery, the high-power group experienced significantly higher pain scores (mean ± standard deviation: 4.84 ± 2.21) compared to the low-power group (3.56 ± 2.24, p = 0.049). Moreover, the high-power side exhibited slower wound healing during the initial 1-2 weeks postoperatively, as indicated by lower wound scores at 2 weeks (high-power: 1.96 ± 0.64; low-power: 2.43 ± 0.59, p = 0.008). Furthermore, histological analysis revealed significantly deeper tissue degradation on the high-power side compared to the low-power side (p < 0.001), with mean depths of 565.2 ± 291.0 µm and 156.0 ± 36.8 µm, respectively. In conclusion, these findings suggest that when employing monopolar diathermy in tonsillectomy, lower power settings can lead to improved outcomes in terms of postoperative pain, wound healing, and tissue damage.Trial registration: CRIS identifier: KCT0005670 (cris.nih.go.kr, registration date: 11/12/2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hyun Yun
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, 164 Worldcup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeon Yeob Jang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, 164 Worldcup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Seob Shin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, 164 Worldcup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jun Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, 164 Worldcup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
- Sleep Center, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, 164 Worldcup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Yang Park
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, 164 Worldcup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
- Sleep Center, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
Oral epithelial dysplasia refers to a premalignant lesion of the oral cavity. The diagnosis of dysplasia is rendered via pathologic assessment of diseased tissue. There are many different premalignant conditions identified in the oral cavity. These include leukoplakias, erythroplakias, proliferative verrucous leukoplakia, oral submucosal fibrosis, actinic cheilitis, and lichen planus. This article will discuss these different conditions and how they are diagnosed. It will also review the treatment for these entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Earl Clarkson
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Woodhull Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Reza Hadioonzadeh
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Geisinger Medical Center, Wilkes-Barre, PA, USA
| | - Scott M Peters
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Woodhull Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
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Mahayni M, Kujan O, Hamadah O. Aesthetic Gingival Melanin Pigmentation Treatment in Smokers and Non-Smokers: A Comparison Study Using Nd:YAG Laser and Ceramic Bur. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1034. [PMID: 37511647 PMCID: PMC10381627 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13071034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aesthetic concerns are increasing rapidly; thus, several approaches have been suggested for treating gingival melanin pigmentation. Lasers have been reported as an effective new tool, and the Nd:YAG laser beam has an affinity for melanin and haemoglobin. However, ceramic gingival bur is simple and has less bleeding effect during operation than conventional techniques. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of gingival depigmentation using the Nd:YAG laser and ceramic bur in two different groups (smokers and non-smokers). A total of 40 patients presenting with gingival melanin pigmentation were enrolled in this split-mouth study. The sample was divided into two groups: smokers and non-smokers. Treatment was performed using the Nd:YAG laser (3 W, 60 mJ/pulse, and 50 Hz) and ceramic bur with a one-week interval between the two methods. Clinical indices were recorded, including intraoperative bleeding, wound healing, post-operative pain, and the recurrence of pigmentation, and follow-up periods were determined in the 3rd, 6th, and 9th months postoperatively. Both treatments promoted a similar pain experience and recurrence rate of pigmentation (p > 0.489, p = 1.000, respectively). Bleeding during surgery and complete healing recovery after one week were statistically significantly higher when using ceramic bur (p = 0.00, p = 0.041, respectively). Concerning the effect of smoking on the treatment, a higher recurrence rate was observed in SG than N-SG in laser sites (50%, and 95%, respectively) and bur sites (60%, and 85%, respectively), but statistically no significant difference was observed (p > 0.080). In conclusion, both procedures are adequate for aesthetic gingival depigmentation treatment. The Nd:YAG laser showed greater effectiveness in controlling bleeding, while ceramic bur showed a faster clinical recovery. Furthermore, smokers were more likely to have low depigmentation treatment stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massa Mahayni
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus P.O. Box 30621, Syria
| | - Omar Kujan
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, 17 Monash Avenue, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Omar Hamadah
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus P.O. Box 30621, Syria
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Saha A, Kamble P, Mangalekar SB. Comparative Evaluation of Conventional Therapy With and Without Use of Diode Laser (DL) in the Treatment of Chronic Generalized Periodontitis: A Clinico-Microbiological Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e35720. [PMID: 37016638 PMCID: PMC10066870 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic periodontitis is caused by a persistent and expanding interaction between a subgingival pathogenic microbial biofilm and the host immune system. The host's reaction to local factors directly influences the inflammation and bone loss that result from these interactions. Depending on variables like the severity of soft tissue damage and bone loss, treatment options can range from nonsurgical to surgical. Nonsurgical treatments are frequently used as the first-line therapy for inflammatory periodontal disease. In fact, careful scaling and root planing (SRP), a nonsurgical treatment, has been extensively studied and shown to be a highly predictable and effective therapy. According to recent research, using a diode laser (DL) in addition to standard SRP may reduce bacterial count and reinfection significantly. Laser therapy could be helpful in treating periodontal disease because of its antibacterial and detoxifying effects. The goal of this study is to investigate whether using a DL in addition to conventional flap surgery enhances patient outcomes for those with chronic generalized periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The 12 participants in this split-mouth trial with chronic generalized periodontitis were the main subject of the study. All of them had probing pocket depths (PPDs) of at least 5 mm after the initial phase of treatment. Each patient in the control group (Group A) and test group (Group B) received a conventional flap after being randomly assigned to one of the groups. Group B underwent a conventional flap with a 980 nm DL, whereas those in Group A did not receive any DL therapy. Periodontal pockets in both groups were evaluated at baseline, 45 days, and 90 days after a sub-gingival plaque test. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions were used to examine the presence of red complex organisms in the plaque sample. RESULTS From baseline to 45 days and then to 90 days, clinical attachment loss (CAL), plaque index (PI), and gingival index (GI) all significantly decreased. However, results from 45 days to 90 days were statistically non-significant, with the exception of the GI, where Group B results were significantly different from Group A results from 45 days to 90 days. On the other hand, when a DL was combined with conventional flap surgery in the test group, the quantity of red complex bacteria was significantly decreased. CONCLUSION When DL was used in conjunction with conventional flap surgery, the results showed that CAL, PI, and GI were all significantly reduced while the quantity of red complex bacteria was also significantly decreased.
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Kim HR, Son K, Son YT, Kim YG, Lee KB, Lee SC, Suh JY, Lee JM. A Comparative Immunohistochemical Study of Wound Healing after Dental Diode Laser Treatment in the Rat Oral Mucosa. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:466. [PMID: 36135012 PMCID: PMC9495772 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9090466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the differences in healing patterns using two types of diode laser devices (laser A and laser B) and a steel scalpel for periodontal surgery through histological and immunohistochemical methods. Twenty 12-week-old male rats were assigned to three groups (3, 7, and 14 days). Square-shaped erosion wounds (2 × 2 mm2 diameter) were created on the hard palate of each rat. Two wounds were created using Laser A and a steel scalpel (Bard-Parker No. 15) on the right palate and using Laser B and a steel scalpel on the left side. Rats were sacrificed after 3, 7, and 14 days. Tissues were collected with a margin of 1 mm from the border of the erosional wound of the maxillary hard palate. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed on the tissue samples after 3, 7, and 14 days. The tissue healing pattern and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cluster of differentiation (CD) were observed under a light microscope. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Kruskal−Wallis H test for comparison among the groups (α = 0.05). In comparison to the wounds made with the scalpel, wounds treated with lasers A and B showed delayed healing patterns. There was no significant difference between the two laser treatment groups (p > 0.05). The expression of iNOS and CD68 was not significantly different among the three groups after 3 and 7 days (p > 0.05). On day 14, the groups treated with the dental diode lasers showed higher expression than the group treated with the steel scalpel, but no significant difference was observed (p > 0.05). Laser-induced wounds tended to heal slower than surgical wounds performed using a steel scalpel, but histological and immunohistochemical results showed no significant difference between the dental diode laser and scalpel groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Rin Kim
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Keunbada Son
- Advanced Dental Device Development Institute (A3DI), Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Young-Tak Son
- Advanced Dental Device Development Institute (A3DI), Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
- Department of Dental Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Yong-Gun Kim
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Kyu-Bok Lee
- Advanced Dental Device Development Institute (A3DI), Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Seung Cheol Lee
- Department of Pathology, Andong General Hospital, Andong-si 36743, Korea
| | - Jo-Young Suh
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Jae Mok Lee
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
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Gupta S, Jawanda MK. Laser as a promising non-invasive technique to treat oral submucous fibrosis: A systematic review of the literature. Saudi Dent J 2021; 33:413-423. [PMID: 34803281 PMCID: PMC8589611 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is one of the common oral potentially malignant disorders that can result in severe morbidity. Depending upon the stage of disease, multiple management therapies exist which include medicinal and surgical approaches. Although the surgical approach is preferred in severe conditions, numerous studies have reported its post-surgical deteriorating outcomes including increased fibrotic changes. To reduce these post-surgical complications, Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (Laser) has been introduced and studied as a non-invasive technique to treat oral submucous fibrosis. However, there exists a lack of knowledge about ‘which laser shows a better post-treatment outcome’. Accordingly, this review aims to answer this question. Materials and methods A systematic review of the published literature was performed using an electronic search in PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, Web of Science, Embase, J- STAGE, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases, from 1952 till 2019 using keywords like, ‘Oral submucous fibrosis’, ‘Treatment’, ‘Laser’, ‘Trismus’, ‘ Fibrosis’, ‘Surgical’, ‘Non-invasive’, and ‘Postoperative results’. Results The search strategy revealed 20 relevant published studies in which laser had been used to treat 250 patients of OSMF. Effective results were found without any complications in all the cases after follow up. Conclusion Observing the current literature, it can be concluded that laser might be used as a potential non-invasive approach in the management of OSMF, however, large scale studies are required to investigate the efficacy and other effects of this technology.
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Key Words
- AN, Areca nut
- CO2, Carbon-dioxide
- CTGF/CCN2, Connective tissue growth factor
- Er Cr YS GG, Erbium Chromium: Yttrium – Scandium – Gallium – Garnet
- Er, YAG Erbium: Yttrium–Aluminium–Garnet
- GA, General anaesthesia
- GaAs, Gallium Arsenic
- H2O, Water
- HA, Hydroxyapatite
- IF- ά, Interferon ά
- KTP, Potassium titanyl phosphate
- LA, Local anaesthesia
- LPLI, Low-power laser irradiation
- Laser
- Laser, Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
- MMP2, Matrix metalloproteinases 2
- ND-YAG, Neodymium – doped: Yttrium- Aluminium Garnet
- Non-invasive
- OSMF, Oral submucous fibrosis
- Oral sub mucus fibrosis
- PGs, Prostaglandins
- TGF- β, Transforming Growth Factor β
- TNF, Tumor necrosis factor
- Technique
- Treatment
- UUO, Unilateral ureteral obstruction
- WHO, World Health Organization
- cAMP, Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Gupta
- Dept. of Oral Pathology and Microbiology & Forensic odontology, Rayat Bahra Dental college and hospital, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Manveen Kaur Jawanda
- Dept. of Oral Pathology and Microbiology & Forensic odontology, Luxmi bai institute of dental sciences and hospital, Patiala, Punjab, India
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Li X, Li J, Cui X, Hu X, Yu P, Sun G. The Thermal Damage of Canine Vocal Fold by CO 2 Laser Under Different Laser Emission Mode. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2021; 101:17S-23S. [PMID: 33719628 DOI: 10.1177/0145561321999262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to review the differences between continuous wave (CW) and UltraPulse (UP) on thermal damage of the laser with different power. METHODS Four adult beagle dogs underwent transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) using CO2 laser. The laser emission mode and power was CW (3 W, 5 W, and 8 W) and UP (3 W and 5 W), respectively. The tissue from 4 animals was evaluated histologically on postoperative days 1 and 3. The thermal damage of the laser was measured using slide scan system via SlideViewer version 1.5.5.2 software. RESULTS All dogs underwent TLM uneventfully. Under microscope examined, the laser damage area was composed of 2 parts: the vaporized zone (VPZ) and thermal damage area. The thermal damage area can be divided into thermal coagulative necrosis area (TCN) and hydropic degeneration area. The width of VPZ and TCN in UP mode was less than that in CW mode (P < .01). The data indicate that lower laser power created less thermal damage (P < .01). In addition, the width of VPZ on postoperative day 3 was less than that on postoperative day 1 (P < .01). CONCLUSION CO2 laser with UP and lower power could decrease the laser thermal damage and may offer more prompt wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xumao Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 159397Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaying Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 159397Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xidong Cui
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 159397Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinqi Hu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 159397Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengcheng Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 159397Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangbin Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 159397Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Arif RH, Kareem FA, Zardawi FM, Al-Karadaghi TS. Efficacy of 980 nm diode laser and 2940 nm Er: YAG laser in gingival depigmentation: A comparative study. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 20:1684-1691. [PMID: 32966666 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gingival hyper-pigmentation is an esthetics problem in patients with excessive gingival display. Laser ablation has been suggested recently as the most effective, pleasant, and reliable technique for gingival depigmentation compared to blade surgery. AIM The present study aimed to identify and compare the effectiveness of two types of lasers, Er:YAG laser-2940 nm and Diode laser-980 nm, in gingival depigmentation in the maxilla and mandible. PATIENTS/METHODS 20 participants, 16 males, and 4 females, whose ages ranged between 18 and 35 years, were recruited using simplified random sampling. Oral pigmentation was measured at pre- and two postoperative follow-ups, 1 month, and 6 months, according to the oral pigmentation index. Furthermore, the study assessed postoperative intensity of pain using the Visual Analogue Scale, bleeding and healing process in both groups. RESULTS There was a significant decrease in the oral pigmentation index scores, 1 month (0.90 ± 0.64) and 6 months (1.55 ± 0.60) after the operation (P < .001). No significant differences were detected between the two study groups regarding the mean ranking on the oral pigmentation index pre-operatively (P = .547), 1 month after the operation (P = .154), and 6 months after the operation (P = .831). CONCLUSIONS The Er:YAG laser and Diode laser both significantly reduced gingival pigmentation with no significant differences between the effectiveness of the two types of laser in treating gingival hyper-pigmentation.
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Sezgin G, Öztürk Özener H, Meseli SE, Kuru L. Evaluation of Patient's Perceptions, Healing, and Reattachment After Conventional and Diode Laser Frenectomy: A Three-Arm Randomized Clinical Trial. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2020; 38:552-559. [PMID: 32609576 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the conventional and diode laser techniques in terms of patient's perceptions, epithelization, reattachment, and periodontal clinical parameters in the treatment of abnormal papillary frenum. Materials and methods: Forty-eight patients with abnormal papillary frenum were enrolled in the study. Patients were randomly assigned into three groups; conventional frenectomy operation (C group), diode laser-assisted frenectomy (L group), and diode laser-assisted frenectomy with conventional horizontal incision on the periosteum (L + P group). Postoperative pain, discomfort in speaking, and chewing scores were assessed with visual analogue scale (VAS) at postoperative 3rd hour and on days 1, 7, 14, 21, and 45. Epithelialization process of the wound surface was evaluated by hydrogen peroxide solution applied to the wound on days 7, 14, 21, and 45 following operations. The distance between the frenum attachment point and mucogingival junction (FMGJ) was recorded at baseline, postoperative 45th day, and 6th month to assess the reattachment of the frenum. Plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, and probing depth were recorded at baseline and postoperative 7th, 14th, 21st, and 45th days. Results: On the 1st and 7th day after operation, VAS pain score in the C group was significantly higher than in the L and L + P groups (p < 0.017). Difficulty in speaking and chewing scores were significantly lower in the L and L + P groups compared to the C group at postoperative 3rd hour and 7th day (p < 0.017). The FMGJ and epithelization period demonstrated no difference among the groups at any time point (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Our results suggest that diode laser provides better postoperative patient's perceptions than the conventional technique in frenectomy operation. In addition, both conventional and laser-assisted frenectomy surgeries prevent the frenum reattachment regardless of periosteal horizontal incision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Sezgin
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hafize Öztürk Özener
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Emre Meseli
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Leyla Kuru
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Yang RQ, Guo SJ, Xiao SM, Ding Y. [Clinical application of laser in crown lengthening]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2019; 37:551-555. [PMID: 31721507 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2019.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Crown lengthening is one of the most common surgeries in clinical practice. Under the premise of ensuring the biologic width, the adequate crown is exposed by resecting the periodontal soft tissue and (or) hard tissue to meet the prosthodontic and (or) aesthetic requirements. Considering the various advantages of oral laser, such as safe, precise, minimally invasive and comfort, laser has become a promising technology which can be used to improve the traditional crown lengthening. In this review, the principles and characteristics of laser application in crown lengthening, especially in the minimally invasive or flapless crown lengthening will be reviewed. Its pros and cons will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Qian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shu-Juan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shi-Meng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Yadav RK, Verma UP, Sajjanhar I, Tiwari R. Frenectomy with conventional scalpel and Nd:YAG laser technique: A comparative evaluation. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2019; 23:48-52. [PMID: 30692743 PMCID: PMC6334537 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_352_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frenectomy is complete excision of the frenum attachment to the underlying bone. Conventional frenectomy with blade has been widely used; however, laser-assisted frenectomy is the most recent alternative. AIM The present study aims to compare two methods of frenectomy for the pain experienced, intraoperative bleeding, healing outcome, and need for analgesics. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty patients with high labial frenum attachment requiring frenectomy were included in this study. Patients were randomly divided into Group A: scalpel group and Group B: neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser group. Visual Analog pain score, intraoperative bleeding, number of analgesics used, and healing outcome 3 months postoperatively were recorded. RESULTS Group B patients experienced less pain (P = 0.016), less bleeding (P = 0.016), and required fewer number of analgesics (P = 0.008). Healing outcome at 3 months showed no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.095). CONCLUSION Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that Nd:YAG laser is an efficient and a more comfortable alternative to scalpel for frenectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar Yadav
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Umesh Pratap Verma
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Isha Sajjanhar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rini Tiwari
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Seker BK. Treatment of gingival melanin hyperpigmentation with Er,Cr:YSGG laser: Short-term follow-up of patient. J COSMET LASER THER 2018; 20:148-151. [DOI: 10.1080/14764172.2017.1288256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Basak Kusakci Seker
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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Jonnalagadda BD, Gottumukkala SNVS, Dwarakanath CD, Koneru S. Effect of Diode Laser-assisted Flap Surgery on Postoperative Healing and Clinical Parameters: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Contemp Clin Dent 2018; 9:205-212. [PMID: 29875562 PMCID: PMC5968684 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_810_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Lasers have been widely used because of several potential benefits such as antibacterial effect and stimulation of wound healing. In addition, lasers help in hemostasis and delaying epithelial migration which may facilitate the outcome of flap surgery. Hence, this study is aimed to investigate the adjunctive effect of diode laser irradiation on conventional access flap surgery in the treatment of periodontal disease. Materials and Methods: A total of 23 patients requiring periodontal flap surgery in two sextants with probing pocket depth ≥5 mm in at least three teeth post-phase I therapy were selected for a split-mouth study. Flap surgery with adjunctive diode laser irradiation was performed in the test quadrant while conventional access flap surgery was done in the control quadrant. Procedural pain and tissue response of the patients were evaluated at 3, 7, and 14 days postoperatively. Clinical parameters including probing depth, clinical attachment level, plaque index, and gingival index were recorded at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months following treatment. Results: There is no significant difference between the groups with respect to healing response of tissues; however, patients experienced more pain in test sites compared to control sites. Intragroup comparisons showed a statistically significant reduction of all clinical parameters from baseline to 6 months without any significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: Overall within the limitations of the study, diode lasers did not show any significant added benefits over conventional access flap surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - C D Dwarakanath
- Department of Periodontics, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Suneetha Koneru
- Department of Periodontics, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
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A preliminary randomized clinical trial comparing diode laser and scalpel periosteal incision during implant surgery: impact on postoperative morbidity and implant survival. Lasers Med Sci 2017; 33:19-25. [PMID: 28861729 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2315-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this preliminary randomized clinical trial was to compare: (1) post-operative morbidity after application of laser or scalpel incision for flap advancement during implant surgery and bone grafting and (2) implant survival rate following flap advancement with laser or scalpel incision after 6 months of loading. Eighteen patients who were scheduled for dental implant placement and simultaneous bone grafting were randomly assigned to test or control groups. Diode laser (810 nm, 2 W, pulse interval 200 μs; pulse length 100 μs, 400-μm initiated fiber tip), or scalpel (control) was used to sever the periosteum to create a tension-free flap. Visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score, rate of nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) consumption, intensity of swelling, and ecchymosis were measured for the six postsurgical days. Six months after loading, implant survival was assessed. VAS pain score (during the first four postoperative days), rate of NSAID consumption (during the first three postoperative days), and intensity of swelling (during the first five postoperative days) were significantly lower in the test group compared to the control group (All P values < 0.05). One patient in the control group experienced ecchymosis. All implants were successful in function. Application of laser for performing periosteal releasing incision reduced the incidence and severity of postoperative morbidity of the patients undergone implant surgery in conjunction with bone augmentation procedure. We did not find any detrimental effect of laser incision on the implant survival within 6 months of loading.
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Theerasopon P, Wangsrimongkol T, Sattayut S. Soft tissue molding technique in cleft lip and palate patient using laser surgery in combination with orthodontic appliance: A case report. Laser Ther 2017; 26:59-64. [PMID: 28740330 DOI: 10.5978/islsm.17-cr-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although surgical treatment protocols for cleft lip and palate patients have been established, many patients still have some soft tissue defects after complete healing from surgical interventions. These are excess soft tissue, high attached fraena and firmed tethering scares. These soft tissue defects resulted shallowing of vestibule, restricted tooth movement, compromised periodontal health and trended to limit the maxillary growth. The aim of this case report was to present a method of correcting soft tissue defects after conventional surgery in cleft lip and palate patient by using combined laser surgery and orthodontic appliance. CASE REPORT A bilateral cleft lip and palate patient with a clinical problem of shallow upper anterior vestibule after alveolar bone graft received a vestibular extension by using CO2 laser with ablation and vaporization techniques at 4 W and continuous wave. A customized orthodontic appliance, called a buccal shield, was placed immediately after surgery and retained for 1 month to 3 months until complete soft tissue healing. The procedures were performed 2 episodes. Both interventions used the same CO2 laser procedure. The first treatment resulted in partial re-attachment of soft tissue at surgical area. The second laser operation with the proper design of buccal shield providing passive contact with more extended flange resulting in a favorable outcome from 1 year follow up. Then the corrective orthodontic treatment could be continued effectively. CONCLUSION The CO2 laser surgery was a proper treatment for correcting soft tissue defects and the design of buccal shield was a key for success in molding surgical soft tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pornpat Theerasopon
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand and Lasers in Dentistry Research Group, Khon Kaen University
| | | | - Sajee Sattayut
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand and Lasers in Dentistry Research Group, Khon Kaen University
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20
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A randomized controlled clinical and histopathological trial comparing excisional biopsies of oral fibrous hyperplasias using CO2 and Er:YAG laser. Lasers Med Sci 2017; 32:573-581. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2151-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Aoki A, Mizutani K, Schwarz F, Sculean A, Yukna RA, Takasaki AA, Romanos GE, Taniguchi Y, Sasaki KM, Zeredo JL, Koshy G, Coluzzi DJ, White JM, Abiko Y, Ishikawa I, Izumi Y. Periodontal and peri-implant wound healing following laser therapy. Periodontol 2000 2017; 68:217-69. [PMID: 25867988 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Laser irradiation has numerous favorable characteristics, such as ablation or vaporization, hemostasis, biostimulation (photobiomodulation) and microbial inhibition and destruction, which induce various beneficial therapeutic effects and biological responses. Therefore, the use of lasers is considered effective and suitable for treating a variety of inflammatory and infectious oral conditions. The CO2 , neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Nd:YAG) and diode lasers have mainly been used for periodontal soft-tissue management. With development of the erbium-doped yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Er:YAG) and erbium, chromium-doped yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) lasers, which can be applied not only on soft tissues but also on dental hard tissues, the application of lasers dramatically expanded from periodontal soft-tissue management to hard-tissue treatment. Currently, various periodontal tissues (such as gingiva, tooth roots and bone tissue), as well as titanium implant surfaces, can be treated with lasers, and a variety of dental laser systems are being employed for the management of periodontal and peri-implant diseases. In periodontics, mechanical therapy has conventionally been the mainstream of treatment; however, complete bacterial eradication and/or optimal wound healing may not be necessarily achieved with conventional mechanical therapy alone. Consequently, in addition to chemotherapy consisting of antibiotics and anti-inflammatory agents, phototherapy using lasers and light-emitting diodes has been gradually integrated with mechanical therapy to enhance subsequent wound healing by achieving thorough debridement, decontamination and tissue stimulation. With increasing evidence of benefits, therapies with low- and high-level lasers play an important role in wound healing/tissue regeneration in the treatment of periodontal and peri-implant diseases. This article discusses the outcomes of laser therapy in soft-tissue management, periodontal nonsurgical and surgical treatment, osseous surgery and peri-implant treatment, focusing on postoperative wound healing of periodontal and peri-implant tissues, based on scientific evidence from currently available basic and clinical studies, as well as on case reports.
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Tachmatzidis T, Dabarakis N. Technology of Lasers and Their Applications in Oral Surgery: Literature Review. BALKAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL MEDICINE 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/bjdm-2016-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary
The word “Laser” is an acronym for “Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation”. Recent advances in laser technology have brought a kind of revolution in dentistry. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of clinical application of lasers in oral medicine and especially in oral surgery, including their advantages, disadvantages and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros Tachmatzidis
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Dept. of Dentoalveolar Surgery Implantology & Radiology Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Dabarakis
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Dept. of Dentoalveolar Surgery Implantology & Radiology Thessaloniki, Greece
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Angiero F, Ferrante F, Ottonello A, Maltagliati A, Crippa R. Neurofibromas of the Oral Cavity: Clinical Aspects, Treatment, and Outcome. Photomed Laser Surg 2015; 34:56-60. [PMID: 26684917 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2015.3925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of diode laser for the surgical treatment of neurofibromas (NF), in terms of clinical outcome and therapeutic success. BACKGROUND DATA The NF is a benign tumor of the peripheral nerve sheath, characterized by the proliferation of Schwann cells, perineural cells, and endoneural fibroblasts. NF may occur as a solitary lesion, or as part of a generalized neurofibromatosis syndrome; much more rarely it occurs in the form of multiple neurofibromas with no associated syndrome. Two distinct variants of neurofibromatosis have been described: types I and II. METHODS Ten cases are reported (6 women and 4 men, age range 43-70 years) with smooth, painful, or painless lesions of the oral mucosa. Lesions were completely excised using a diode laser at 980 nm wavelength, average power 2.0 W, in continuous wave mode, with 320 μm optical fibers, for 45 sec average time. RESULTS Complete healing occurred within 20 days. There were no adverse effects; patients were carefully followed up and there have been no recurrences after an interval of 3 months to 3 years. CONCLUSIONS The results of this diode laser treatment of NF demonstrate good effectiveness of this novel therapy, which may replace conventional surgical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Angiero
- Department of Surgical Medical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostic, University of Genoa , Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Ferrante
- Department of Surgical Medical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostic, University of Genoa , Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Ottonello
- Department of Surgical Medical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostic, University of Genoa , Genoa, Italy
| | - Alberto Maltagliati
- Department of Surgical Medical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostic, University of Genoa , Genoa, Italy
| | - Rolando Crippa
- Department of Surgical Medical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostic, University of Genoa , Genoa, Italy
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Kumar R, Jain G, Dhodapkar SV, Kumathalli KI, Jaiswal G. The Comparative Evaluation of Patient's Satisfaction and Comfort Level by Diode Laser and Scalpel in the Management of Mucogingival Anomalies. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:ZC56-8. [PMID: 26557618 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/14648.6659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical correction of mucogingival anomalies is required to enhance patient's compatibility to maintain oral hygiene or to improve facial aesthetics or both. Laser has become a desirable and dependable alternative for traditional surgical techniques because it is simple and painless with more predictable outcomes. AIM The aim of this study was to compare the effects of the conventional scalpel technique and the laser technique on the degree of discomfort, satisfaction, healing and postoperative pain experienced by patients after correction of mucogingival anomalies. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study 70 patients were enrolled and randomly distributed in two groups i.e. surgical correction of mucogingival anomalies by scalpel and by laser. Patient's comfort level, pain and satisfaction level was assessed by using Visual analogue scale (VAS) and healing was evaluated by healing index. RESULTS The results indicated patients treated with the diode laser had less postoperative pain and discomfort with remarkable satisfactory results and healing compared to patients treated with the conventional technique. CONCLUSION Laser is a desirable therapeutic alternative to correct soft tissue anomalies. It allows good control of haemorrhage with comfortable healing phase and appreciable satisfactory outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar
- Reader, Department of Periodontics, Sri Aurobindo College of Dentistry , Indore, M.P., India
| | - Garima Jain
- Post Graduate Student, Department of Periodontics, Sri Aurobindo College of Dentistry , Indore, M.P., India
| | | | | | - Gagan Jaiswal
- Reader, Department of Periodontics, Sri Aurobindo College of Dentistry , Indore, M.P., India
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Milling Tania SD, Sathiasekar C, Anison JJ, Samyukta Reddy BV. The extended tentacles of laser - From diagnosis to treatment in orthodontics: An overview. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2015; 7:S387-92. [PMID: 26538884 PMCID: PMC4606626 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.163462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the introduction of lasers in dentistry in the mid-1990's, research in laser supported dental therapies is progressing at a rapid pace. Orthodontics is no exception. In orthodontics, lasers have many diagnostic, therapeutic, and biomodulating applications. To update the various applications of lasers in orthodontics. Lasers work by delivering energy in the form of light. Laser, striking the biological tissues can either get reflected, absorbed or scattered depending on several factors. Depending on the fate of the emitted laser, it can be applied for different diagnostic, therapeutic and surgical procedures. The knowledge and understanding of different types of lasers and its specific applications is a prerequisite before it can be applied beneficially. In Orthodontics, the versatility of laser has expanded into bonding, curing, debonding, imaging, growth modification, pain reduction, etc. Definitely laser has extended its tentacles from diagnosis to treatment in orthodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Milling Tania
- Department of Orthodontics, Rajas Dental College and Hospital, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Cynthia Sathiasekar
- Department of Oral Pathology, Rajas Dental College and Hospital, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Job Jacob Anison
- Department of Orthodontics, Tagore Dental College and Hospital, Rathinamangalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B V Samyukta Reddy
- Department of Oral Pathology, Dr. Sudha and Nageswara Rao Siddartha Institute of Dental Science, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Wong E, Fernando A, Alhasso A, Stewart L. Does Closure of the Buccal Mucosal Graft Bed Matter? Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial. Urology 2014; 84:1223-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2014.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Kermen E, Orbak R, Calik M, Eminoglu DO. Tissue restoration after improper laser gingivectomy: A case report. World J Stomatol 2014; 3:25-29. [DOI: 10.5321/wjs.v3.i3.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the case of 27-year-old female patient applied to our clinic with several pain at her upper teeth and weakness complaints. Anamnesis revealed that she experienced laser gingivectomy to have remarkable teeth. Clinical examination showed that maxillar alveolar bone was partially uncovered with gingivae and periosteum. Interproximal necrosed area was observed. She had sensitivity at her maxillar anterior teeth. Furthermore, she was so anxious and depressed. In order to ensure more blood supply and clot formation, perforations on uncovered cortical bone was prepared. Avoiding from infection antibiotic, antiseptic gel and for epithelization vitamin E gel were prescribed. During one month she was recalled every third day. Recall times diminished periodically, as new tissue evolves. Although laser’s irreversible photothermal effects on soft and hard tissue, after a year all denuded areas were covered with healthy tissues without any surgical procedures. Histopathologic comparing showed severe lymphocyte infiltration and increased fibrosis and kollagenization in restored gingiva, additionally epithelial loss was observed. Since there is not a case report about the complications of laser gingivectomy in literature, we tried to represent a treatment plan that may be elucidative for clinicians.
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Kocaman G, Beldüz N, Erdogan C, Ozbek E, Sadik E, Kara C. The use of surgical Nd:YAG laser in an oral pyogenic granuloma: a case report. J COSMET LASER THER 2014; 16:197-200. [PMID: 24689434 DOI: 10.3109/14764172.2014.910078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Pyogenic granuloma is a benign, non-neoplastic, mucocutaneous lesion and is especially common on the tongue, lips, and gums. This case report presents a large oral pyogenic granuloma of the gingiva and the surgical treatment of this lesion with Nd:YAG laser. A 14-year-old female patient referred with a complaint of a swelling and growth on the buccal side of her mandibular left premolar teeth. A comprehensive intraoral examination revealed a localized gingival mass between mandibular left premolar teeth on the buccal aspect. The treatment selected was surgical removal using Nd:YAG laser with the following irradiation parameters: power output 4 W, energy 100 mJ, frequency 40 Hz, and pulsed emission mode. During surgery, complications including hemorrhage were not observed, and no scarring developed after surgery. The excised area gradually improved within 1 month. The use of Nd:YAG laser in the treatment of pyogenic granuloma reduced bleeding during surgery, with a consequent reduction in operating time, promoted rapid postoperative hemostasis, and has better patient acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülhan Kocaman
- Faculty of Dentistry, Atatürk University , Periodontology, Erzurum , Turkey
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Suter VGA, Altermatt HJ, Dietrich T, Warnakulasuriya S, Bornstein MM. Pulsed versus continuous wave CO2 laser excisions of 100 oral fibrous hyperplasias: a randomized controlled clinical and histopathological study. Lasers Surg Med 2014; 46:396-404. [PMID: 24700467 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In experimental animal studies, pulsing the CO2 laser beam has been shown to reduce the thermal damage zone of excised oral mucosal tissue. However, there is still controversy over whether this is borne out under clinical conditions. OBJECTIVE To compare the outcome following excisional biopsies of fibrous hyperplasias using a pulsed (cf) versus a continuous wave (cw) CO2 laser mode regarding the thermal damage zone, duration of surgeries, intra- and postoperative complications, postoperative pain sensation, scarring and/or relapse during the initial 6 months. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred Swiss-resident patients with a fibrous hyperplasia in their buccal mucosa were randomly assigned to the cw mode (5 W) or the cf mode (140 Hz, 400 microseconds, 33 mJ, 4.62 W) group. All excisions were performed by one single oral surgeon. Postoperative pain (2 weeks) was recorded by visual analogue scale (VAS; ranging from 0 to 100). Intake of analgesics and postoperative complications were recorded in a standardized study form. The maximum width of the collateral thermal damage zone was measured (µm) in excision specimens by one pathologist. Intraoral photographs at 6-month follow-up examinations were evaluated regarding scarring (yes/no). RESULTS Median duration of the excision was 65 seconds in the cw and 81 seconds in the cf group (P = 0.13). Intraoperative bleeding occurred in 16.3% of the patients in the cw and 17.7% of the cf group. The median value of the thermal damage zone was 161(±228) μm in the cw and 152(± 105) μm in the cf group (P = 0.68). The reported postoperative complications included swelling in 19% and minor bleeding in 6% without significant differences between the two laser modes. When comparing each day separately or the combined mean VAS scores of both groups between Days 1-3, 1-7, and 1-15, there were no significant differences. However, more patients of the cw group (25%) took analgesics than patients of the cf group (9.8%) resulting in a borderline significance (P = 0.04). Scarring at the excision site was found in 50.6% of 77 patients after 6 months, and more scars were identified in cases treated with the cf mode (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Excision of fibrous hyperplasias performed with a CO2 laser demonstrated a good clinical outcome and long-term predictability with a low risk of recurrence regardless of the laser mode (cf or cw) used. Scarring after 6 months was only seen in 50.6% of the cases and was slightly more frequent in the cf mode group. Based on the findings of the present study, a safety border of 1 mm appears sufficient for both laser modes especially when performing a biopsy of a suspicious soft tissue lesion to ensure a proper histopathological examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie G A Suter
- Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Oral Medicine & Pathology, King's College London Dental Institute, London, United Kingdom
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Xu Y, Li F, Li Z, Guan W, Wu Y, Ouyang Y, Zhao Y, Liu C. A prospective, randomized controlled trial of circumcision in adult males using the CO2 laser: modified technique compared with the conventional dorsal-slit technique. Photomed Laser Surg 2013; 31:422-7. [PMID: 23869518 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2013.3550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of a modified CO2 laser technique for circumcision in adult males as compared with the conventional dorsal-slit method. BACKGROUND DATA Circumcision is one of the most commonly performed surgeries in the world. Although present techniques produce a good long-term result, there is a continuing need to improve the safety and efficacy of the circumcision procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were analyzed from a prospective randomized controlled clinical study comparing two different operative techniques for adult circumcision: the modified CO2 laser circumcision technique, and the conventional dorsal-slit technique. A total of 300 patients >18 years of age were recruited in this study. Several perioperative data, including age, indications, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, complications, and postoperative pain were analyzed. Differences between the CO2 laser technique and the conventional technique were compared. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference in age distribution and indications between the two groups. Compared with the conventional group, there were shorter operative time, less blood loss and lower postoperative complication rate in the laser group. The CO2 laser technique was associated with much less pain, as quantitated by a 10 point visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score at both 1 day and 7 days postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS The modified CO2 laser technique that we introduced offers a simple, safe, faster, and effective alternative method to the conventional technique in adult male circumcision, with decreased blood loss, pain, and complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansheng Xu
- 1 Department of Urology, Navy General Hospital of The People's Liberation Army , Haidian District, Beijing, China
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Chen CK, Chang NJ, Ke JH, Fu E, Lan WH. Er:YAG laser application for removal of keratosis using topical anesthesia. J Dent Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2012.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Ribeiro FV, Cavaller CP, Casarin RCV, Casati MZ, Cirano FR, Dutra-Corrêa M, Pimentel SP. Esthetic treatment of gingival hyperpigmentation with Nd:YAG laser or scalpel technique: a 6-month RCT of patient and professional assessment. Lasers Med Sci 2013; 29:537-44. [PMID: 23291916 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-012-1254-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This double-masked, randomized controlled trial with a split-mouth design aimed to compare patient- and professional-centered outcomes using different therapeutic approaches-neodymium-yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser or scalpel technique-for gingival depigmentation. Patients presenting bilateral melanin gingival hyperpigmentation and who requested cosmetic therapy were recruited. Contralateral quadrants were randomly assigned to receive Nd:YAG laser (settings: 6 W, 60 mJ/pulse, and 100 Hz) or scalpel technique. Patient morbidity experienced at intratherapy and during the first postoperative week was evaluated. In addition, after 6 months, the cosmetic results achieved for the different therapeutic approaches were evaluated by patients and professionals. The chair time of each technique was also calculated. Patient-oriented outcomes concerning intratherapy morbidity did not demonstrate any differences between groups (p > 0.05), although a higher extent of discomfort/pain was experienced in the side treated by the scalpel technique compared to the Nd:YAG laser procedure during the first posttherapy week (p < 0.05). Regarding to cosmetic outcomes, no differences between techniques were observed for patient and professionals (p > 0.05). Significantly higher chair time was required for the scalpel technique than for the Nd:YAG laser therapy (p < 0.05). The Nd:YAG laser or the scalpel technique may be successfully used for the treatment of melanin gingival hyperpigmentation. However, the use of the Nd:YAG laser has presented advantages in terms of less discomfort/pain during the posttherapy period and a reduction of treatment chair time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda V Ribeiro
- Dental Research Division, School of Dentistry, Paulista University, Av. Dr. Bacelar, 1212, 4° andar, Vila Clementino, 04026-002, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil,
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Ryu SW, Lee SH, Yoon HJ. A comparative histological and immunohistochemical study of wound healing following incision with a scalpel, CO2 laser or Er,Cr:YSGG laser in the guinea pig oral mucosa. Acta Odontol Scand 2012; 70:448-54. [PMID: 22149727 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2011.635598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was undertaken to compare wound healing following incisions with either a scalpel, CO(2) laser or Er,Cr:YSGG laser in Guinea pig oral mucosa. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three types of wounds were randomly introduced with either a stainless steel scalpel, CO(2) laser or Er,Cr:YSGG laser in the buccal mucosa of each of 22 Guinea pigs. Four Guinea pigs were sacrificed on day 1, day 3 and day 5 post-surgery. Five Guinea pigs were sacrificed on day 7 and day 14 post-surgery. Biopsy samples from each oral mucosa wound were examined and the expression of TNF-α and TGF-ß1 was determined by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS At day 3 post-surgery, the histological pattern of the healing process was similar in the scalpel and Er,Cr:YSGG laser wounds and there were more ulcerations present in the CO(2) laser wounds than in the scalpel and Er,Cr:YSGG laser wounds. The level of TNF-α expression was twice in the laser wounds that in the scalpel wounds. A higher level of TGF-β1 expression was seen at day 7 post-surgery and a lower level at day 14 post-surgery in the CO(2) laser wounds than in the scalpel and Er,Cr:YSGG laser wounds. CONCLUSIONS The Er,Cr:YSGG laser has many advantages for oral surgery due to a low inflammatory response and minimal damage of the tissue. Although a CO(2) laser has better hemostatic ability, its use causes greater tissue damage than a scalpel and Er,Cr:YSGG laser. However, further larger studies would be needed before fully endorsing its widespread use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Woo Ryu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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The Ablation Properties of CO(2) Laser Irradiating to Absorption Media: An In Vitro Study. Int J Dent 2012; 2012:230967. [PMID: 23227050 PMCID: PMC3512305 DOI: 10.1155/2012/230967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Revised: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare histological affected zone of tissue samples irradiated by defocused CO(2) laser at 1, 2, and 3W continuous wave with and without absorption media. The in vitro experiment was conducted in 70 tissue blocks. The samples were randomly allocated into 7 groups: 10 samples each group, namely, the groups irradiated with 1, 2, and 3W, defocused CO(2) laser for 5 seconds, the groups irradiated with 1, 2, and 3W, defocused CO(2) laser to the absorption media, and the media alone group as a control. Then the samples were stained with Masson's trichrome and measured the affected borders under light microscope at 10 × 10 magnification. There was no histological alteration in the groups irradiated with the defocused CO(2) laser to the absorption media while the groups without using the absorption media showed the tissue alteration by photoablation.
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Cristalli G, Mercante G, Covello R, Sperduti I, Cristalli MP, Spriano G. Histopathological Assessment in Glossectomy. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2012; 147:1076-82. [DOI: 10.1177/0194599812456966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of the study was to gather information on outcomes and effect sizes of 2 surgical methods of glossectomy by using a grade system and an objective measure of artifacts in micrometers (µm). The collected data would be used to plan a definitive study. Study Design Pilot study. Setting Tertiary referral center. Material and Methods Nineteen patients affected with tongue cancer were consecutively enrolled in a pilot study and treated by partial glossectomy. Eleven patients (57.89%) of group A were treated with monopolar electrocautery, while 8 patients (42.10%) of group B were treated with Harmonic Focus Curved Shears. Specimens were examined by a pathologist blinded to the surgical procedure, using a 4-grade system for margin artifact assessment (margin fragmentation, cautery/crush artifact, extravascular blood clot, capillary congestion) and for measuring artifact depth. Results Artifact depth was more relevant in group A (765,633 µm) than in group B (473,939 µm). The difference between groups was significant at the 95% confidence interval ( P < .0001). Margin fragmentation and capillary congestion compared between the 2 groups were of no significance. There were less cautery/crush artifacts and extravascular blood clots observed in the harmonic shears group. Conclusion When used to perform a partial glossectomy, Harmonic Focus Curved Shears produce less cautery/crush artifact and a smaller artifact depth compared with monopolar cautery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Cristalli
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Italian National Cancer Institute Regina Elena, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mercante
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Italian National Cancer Institute Regina Elena, Rome, Italy
| | - Renato Covello
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Institute Regina Elena, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Sperduti
- Department of Statistics and Demographics, National Cancer Institute Regina Elena, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Cristalli
- Department of Odontostomatological and Maxillofacial Sciences, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Spriano
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Italian National Cancer Institute Regina Elena, Rome, Italy
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Suter VG, Altermatt HJ, Dietrich T, Reichart PA, Bornstein MM. Does a Pulsed Mode Offer Advantages Over a Continuous Wave Mode for Excisional Biopsies Performed Using a Carbon Dioxide Laser? J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2012; 70:1781-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2012.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Revised: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Şimşek Kaya G, Yapıcı Yavuz G, Sümbüllü MA, Dayı E. A comparison of diode laser and Er:YAG lasers in the treatment of gingival melanin pigmentation. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2012; 113:293-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2011.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2010] [Revised: 03/01/2011] [Accepted: 03/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Gracco A, Tracey S, Lombardo L, Siciliani G. Soft tissue laser in orthodontics. Prog Orthod 2011; 12:66-72. [PMID: 21515234 DOI: 10.1016/j.pio.2010.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2009] [Accepted: 12/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Today a lot of minor cosmetic surgery operations on the gingiva can easily be carried out directly by the orthodontist with a small quantity of topical anaesthetic and the use of a soft tissue laser. The Diode laser is the most commonly used laser in dentistry for minor surgery to the soft tissues. This kind of laser offers numerous advantages with respect to traditional or electric scalpels. In this article the authors will analyse several typical uses of the diode laser in daily orthodontic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gracco
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
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de Arruda Paes-Junior TJ, Cavalcanti SCM, Nascimento DFF, Saavedra GDSFA, Kimpara ET, Borges ALS, Niccoli-Filho W, Komori PCDP. CO(2) Laser Surgery and Prosthetic Management for the Treatment of Epulis Fissuratum. ISRN DENTISTRY 2010; 2011:282361. [PMID: 21991461 PMCID: PMC3170081 DOI: 10.5402/2011/282361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to present a case report of the surgical removal of hyperplasia in the oral cavity, using carbon dioxide (CO(2)) laser radiation and rehabilitation with a complete denture. Epulis fissuratum occurs in complete denture patients, because a constant irritative action induces the mucosa to grow under poorly fitting dentures. These lesions must be removed, and to avoid a relapse, new complete dentures should be made to maintain healthy surgical tissues. The clinical sequence presented in this case shows a completely edentulous patient with epulis fissuratum on the lower alveolar ridge extending to the vestibular sulcus of the anterior region of mandible. Immediate complete dentures were made prior to the lesion removal with CO(2) laser radiation, providing satisfactory results in oral function and tissue health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarcisio José de Arruda Paes-Junior
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Jose dos Campos Dental School, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, Avenida Francisco José Longo, 777 Vila Adyana, 12245-000 São Jose dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Sâmia Carolina Mota Cavalcanti
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Jose dos Campos Dental School, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, Avenida Francisco José Longo, 777 Vila Adyana, 12245-000 São Jose dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Daniela Fernandes Figueira Nascimento
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Jose dos Campos Dental School, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, Avenida Francisco José Longo, 777 Vila Adyana, 12245-000 São Jose dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Guilherme de Siqueira Ferreira Anzaloni Saavedra
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Jose dos Campos Dental School, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, Avenida Francisco José Longo, 777 Vila Adyana, 12245-000 São Jose dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Estevão Tomomitsu Kimpara
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Jose dos Campos Dental School, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, Avenida Francisco José Longo, 777 Vila Adyana, 12245-000 São Jose dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Luiz Souto Borges
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Jose dos Campos Dental School, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, Avenida Francisco José Longo, 777 Vila Adyana, 12245-000 São Jose dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Walter Niccoli-Filho
- Department of Biopathology and Diagnosis and Academic Group of Studies and Research with Lasers in Dentistry, São Jose dos Campos Dental School, São Paulo State University, 12245-000 São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Paula Carolina de Paiva Komori
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Jose dos Campos Dental School, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, Avenida Francisco José Longo, 777 Vila Adyana, 12245-000 São Jose dos Campos, Brazil
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Sperandio FF, Meneguzzo DT, Ferreira LS, da Ana PA, Azevedo LH, de Sousa SCOM. Different air-water spray regulations affect the healing of Er,Cr:YSGG laser incisions. Lasers Med Sci 2010; 26:257-65. [PMID: 21042825 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-010-0849-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2010] [Accepted: 10/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Surgeries performed with high-intensity laser devices may be improved with accurate protocols, including the air-water spray regulation. Thus, this study sought to investigate the healing process of wounds made on the dorsum of rat tongues using an Er,Cr:YSGG laser device with different air-water spray regulations. The incisions were made on the dorsum of Wistar rat tongues using an Er,Cr:YSGG laser with three different air-water spray regulations (100/0%, 50/50%, 11/7%). Scalpel incisions functioned as controls. The sacrifices occurred between 0 and 14 days after surgery. Morphological, histological, and immunohistochemical (fibronectin and type III collagen) analysis of the wounds were performed. The air-water spray regulation influenced wound healing and the inflammatory response, especially in the earlier stages. Incisions performed using the 100/0% air/water spray regulation had the worst results, expressing a greater amount of fibronectin and type III collagen. The 50/50% air/water spray regulation brought in a non-clear surgical field and poor laser interaction with the tissue. The 11/7% air/water spray regulation showed the best clinical results and less pronounced histological events. According to the results encountered, the air-water spray should be regulated to improve surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Fornias Sperandio
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Demir T, Kara C, Özbek E, Kalkan Y. Evaluation of Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet Laser, Scalpel Incision Wounds, and Low-Level Laser Therapy for Wound Healing in Rabbit Oral Mucosa: A Pilot Study. Photomed Laser Surg 2010; 28:31-7. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2008.2449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Turgut Demir
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Cankat Kara
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Elvan Özbek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Yıldıray Kalkan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Güngörmüş M, Akyol U. The Effect of Gallium-Aluminum-Arsenide 808-nm Low-Level Laser Therapy on Healing of Skin Incisions Made Using a Diode Laser. Photomed Laser Surg 2009; 27:895-9. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2008.2431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Metin Güngörmüş
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Utkan Akyol
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Morosolli ARC, Veeck EB, Niccoli-Filho W, Gomes MF, das Graças V. Goulart M. Healing process after surgical treatment with scalpel, electrocautery and laser radiation: histomorphologic and histomorphometric analysis. Lasers Med Sci 2009; 25:93-100. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-009-0674-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2008] [Accepted: 04/05/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Mast cell concentration in the wound healing process of incisions made by different instruments. Lasers Med Sci 2008; 24:585-90. [PMID: 18936870 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-008-0616-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2008] [Accepted: 09/05/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the concentration of mast cells (MCs) in the healing process of incisions. Thirty rats were submitted to six linear incisions each, performed in the dorsal skin by carbon dioxide (CO(2)) and diode lasers, electrocautery and conventional scalpel. The animals were euthanized at intervals of 0 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 7 days and 14 days after the incisions had been made. Histological sections were obtained and stained with toluidine blue for identification of MCs, which were manually counted by conventional microscopy in 20 microscopic fields in the border of the incision, near the granulation tissue, or in the area of new collagen formation, depending on intervals. The concentration of MCs was significantly higher in the wounds made by scalpel than in those made by other techniques at 48 h and 72 h. After 72 h the number of MCs was also significantly higher after electrocautery than after incisions made by 4 W CO(2) laser. On days 7 and 14, there was no significant difference in the MC count among the different types of incisions. In summary, the MC concentration varied after different surgical incisions at early phases of wound healing. At the end of the healing process, however, there were similar MC concentrations around the incisions, suggesting that, in standard incisions in the surgical techniques studied, the wound healing process ultimately occurred in a similar pattern.
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Soft-tissue lasers in orthodontics: an overview. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2008; 133:S110-4. [PMID: 18407017 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2007.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2006] [Revised: 01/01/2007] [Accepted: 01/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Soft-tissue lasers have numerous applications in orthodontics, including gingivectomy, frenectomy, operculectomy, papilla flattening, uncovering temporary anchorage devices, ablation of aphthous ulcerations, exposure of impacted teeth, and even tooth whitening. As an adjunctive procedure, laser surgery has helped many orthodontists to enhance the design of a patient's smile and improve treatment efficacy. Before incorporating soft-tissue lasers into clinical practice, the clinician must fully understand the basic science, safety protocol, and risks associated with them. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview regarding safe and proper use of soft-tissue lasers in orthodontics.
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Kara C. Evaluation of Patient Perceptions of Frenectomy: A Comparison of Nd:YAG Laser and Conventional Techniques. Photomed Laser Surg 2008; 26:147-52. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2007.2153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cankat Kara
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Kato J, Wijeyeweera RL. The Effect of CO2Laser Irradiation on Oral Soft Tissue Problems in Children in Sri Lanka. Photomed Laser Surg 2007; 25:264-8. [PMID: 17803382 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2007.2082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to investigate the effects of CO(2) laser irradiation on oral tissue problems in pediatric cases in Sri Lanka. BACKGROUND DATA The CO(2) laser is now widely used as an effective surgical tool to cut or ablate soft tissues. However, few studies have reported the effectiveness of CO(2) laser for oral tissue problems in developing countries, where patients tend to have high rates of infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS A continuous CO(2) laser (wavelength 10.6 mum; output power 3 or 4 W) was used for the treatment of 76 young patients (aged 1 to 15 years old) indicated mainly for labial or lingual frenectomy, mucocele excision, or other oral pathology. RESULTS The CO(2) laser was found to have the following advantages: (1) greatly reduced operating time; (2) simple operative procedure; (3) no postsurgical infection; and (4) decreased or eliminated wound contracture and wound scarring. CONCLUSION The CO(2) laser proved to be very safe and effective for soft tissue surgery in a developing country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Kato
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan.
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