Review of laser and light therapy in the treatment of oculofacial pathology

Abstract

Demand for non-invasive techniques to treat oculofacial pathology has allowed for the growth and development of several new laser and light therapy modalities. These modalities include the use of intense pulsed light (IPL) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), light-emitting diode devices, as well as ablative and non-ablative lasers. Therapeutic applications in the periorbital area may involve the treatment of vascular lesions, telangiectasias, dyspigmentation, photodamage, hypertrichosis, rhytids, and scars. Laser and light-based technology offers patients treatment options that range from conservative to aggressive, allowing for choices between subtle results with little downtime or dramatic results with longer downtime. Advantages of laser treatments, as compared to traditional medical and surgical treatments, include a longer lasting effect than some of the conservative therapies and the ability to serve as a happy medium between non-invasive topical medicine and invasive surgical techniques. For patients seeking non-invasive alternatives, these modalities confer a major advantage over incisional surgery. Understanding appropriate usage, side effects, and outcomes is before treating functional and cosmetic issues. Here we present a review of current treatment modalities, their use, side effects, and outcomes.

Keywords: Intense pulsed light, Ablative lasers, Non-ablative lasers, Fractional lasers, Photodynamic therapy, Non-invasive techniques

Core tip: Laser and light treatments have become an essential addition in the oculoplastic service armamentarium for the management of different pathological oculofacial conditions as well as for aesthetic improvement. Both the unique anatomy of the periocular area, and one’s individual treatment goals for the patient, must help tailor the choice of laser, the energy level used, and the depth of treatment to achieve an optimum result.