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©The Author(s) 2015. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Anesthesiol. Jul 27, 2015; 4(2): 17-29
Published online Jul 27, 2015. doi: 10.5313/wja.v4.i2.17
Published online Jul 27, 2015. doi: 10.5313/wja.v4.i2.17
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of lignocaine: A review
Laurence Weinberg, Anesthesia Perioperative Pain Unit, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3084, Australia
Laurence Weinberg, Benjamin Peake, Chong Tan, Department of Anesthesia, Austin Hospital, Victoria 3084, Australia
Laurence Weinberg, Mehrdad Nikfarjam, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3084, Australia
Mehrdad Nikfarjam, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Austin Hospital, Victoria 3084, Australia
Author contributions: Weinberg L, Peake B, Tan C and Nikfarjam M contributed to this paper.
Conflict-of-interest statement: There are no conflicts of interests declared by any of the authors.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Laurence Weinberg, BSc, MD, MBBCh, MRCP, DipCritCareEcho, FANZCA, Department of Anesthesia, Austin Hospital, Studley Road, Victoria 3084, Australia. laurence.weinberg@austin.org.au
Telephone: +61-3-94965000 Fax: +61-3-94596421
Received: November 2, 2014
Peer-review started: November 4, 2014
First decision: November 27, 2014
Revised: March 20, 2015
Accepted: April 10, 2015
Article in press: April 14, 2015
Published online: July 27, 2015
Peer-review started: November 4, 2014
First decision: November 27, 2014
Revised: March 20, 2015
Accepted: April 10, 2015
Article in press: April 14, 2015
Published online: July 27, 2015
Core Tip
Core tip: Lignocaine is a widely used amide-type local anesthetic and Class 1b antiarrhythmic. In addition to its anesthetic and antiarrhythmic effects, lignocaine has important analgesic, antinociceptive, immuno-modulating, and anti-inflammatory properties. Understanding the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of lignocaine will enable clinicians to safely prescribe lignocaine in a variety of clinical settings.