Guidelines For Clinical Practice
Copyright ©2012 Baishideng Publishing Group Co.
World J Orthop. Apr 18, 2012; 3(4): 25-41
Published online Apr 18, 2012. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v3.i4.25
Figure 1
Figure 1 3D laser scanner.
Figure 2
Figure 2 Anatomical model of the lumbar spine.
Figure 3
Figure 3 3D scanning of a vertebra. A: Original without processing; B: Final after processing.
Figure 4
Figure 4 Volume rendering 3D reconstruction and sagittal multiplanar reconstruction of the lumbar spine.
Figure 5
Figure 5 Meshing of a lumbar vertebra.
Figure 6
Figure 6 Meshing of proximal femur with stem.
Figure 7
Figure 7 Contact interface femur-stem.
Figure 8
Figure 8 Strain-stress curves for cortical bone.
Figure 9
Figure 9 Strain-stress curves for vertebral ligaments.
Figure 10
Figure 10 Finite element model of healthy femur (A) and coronal section of healthy femur model (B).
Figure 11
Figure 11 Boundary conditions applied in the healthy femur model.
Figure 12
Figure 12 Removal of the femoral head and positioning of the cementless stems: (A) ABG-I and (B) ABG-II.
Figure 13
Figure 13 Finite element models of the femur with cementless prosthesis: (A) ABG-Iand (B) ABG-II.
Figure 14
Figure 14 Bone mineral density and average von Mises stress evolution.
Figure 15
Figure 15 Removal of the femoral head and cemented prosthesis positioning: (A) Anatomique Benoist Girard-cemented and (B) Versys.
Figure 16
Figure 16 Longitudinal section of the finite element models with cemented femoral prostheses: (A) Anatomique Benoist Girard-cemented and (B) Versys.
Figure 17
Figure 17 Finite element model with cemented femoral prostheses. A: Anatomique Benoist Girard-cemented; B: Versys.
Figure 18
Figure 18 Bone mineral density and average von Mises stress evolution.
Figure 19
Figure 19 Gruen zones.
Figure 20
Figure 20 Geometrical model corresponding to the S1-L5 functional unit.
Figure 21
Figure 21 Finite element model corresponding to the S1-L5 functional unit.
Figure 22
Figure 22 Flexion-extension movement of the S1-L5 functional unit.
Figure 23
Figure 23 Deformed shapes of the S1-L5 functional unit for the flexion-extension movement.
Figure 24
Figure 24 Finite element model corresponding to the S1-L5 functional unit with rigid fixation.
Figure 25
Figure 25 Finite element model corresponding to the S1-L5 functional unit with dynamic fixation.
Figure 26
Figure 26 Von Mises stresses for the healthy and degenerated models.
Figure 27
Figure 27 Von Mises stresses for the implanted models.
Figure 28
Figure 28 Damage map at the femoral head (A) and fracture probability map at the femoral head (B).
Figure 29
Figure 29 Damage evolution.
Figure 30
Figure 30 Evolution of the probability of fracture.
Figure 31
Figure 31 Stress-strain curve for loading and unloading process corresponding to the NiTi alloy at 22 °C.
Figure 32
Figure 32 Prototype of the designed NiTi splint.
Figure 33
Figure 33 Recovering force-angle curves. A: Length 60.0 mm, width variable, thickness 1.0 mm; B: Length 80.0 mm, width variable, thickness 1.0 mm.
Figure 34
Figure 34 Recovering force-angle curves. A: Length 60.0 mm, width 6.0 mm, thickness variable; B: Length 80.0 mm, width 6.0 mm, thickness variable.
Figure 35
Figure 35 Force transmission mechanism for Bort type splints (A) and Force transmission mechanism for the designed splint (B).