Prevalence, risk factors, and BRAF mutation of colorectal sessile serrated lesions among Vietnamese patients

Table 1 Characteristics of participants, n (%)

Characteristics	Total (n = 1585)	No polyp (n = 1480)	SSLs (n = 105)	P value1
Sex
Male	657 (41.5)	593 (40.1)	64 (61)	< 0.001
Female	928 (58.5)	887 (59.9)	41 (39)
Age
< 40	402 (25.4)	393 (26.6)	9 (8.6)
40-49	378 (23.8)	364 (24.6)	14 (13.3)	0.232
50-59	437 (27.6)	402 (27.2)	35 (33.3)	< 0.001
60-69	283 (17.9)	253 (17.1)	30 (28.6)	< 0.001
≥ 70	85 (5.4)	68 (4.6)	17 (16.2)	< 0.001
Obesity
Yes	296 (18.7)	271 (18.3)	25 (23.8)	0.162
No	1289 (81.3)	1209 (81.7)	80 (76.2)
Smoking
Yes/ever	300 (18.9)	262 (17.7)	38 (36.2)	< 0.001
No	1285 (81.1)	1218 (82.3)	67 (63.8)
Alcohol consumption
Yes	189 (11.9)	169 (11.4)	20 (19)	0.020
No	1396 (88.1)	1311 (88.6)	85 (81)
Hypertension
Yes	307 (19.4)	272 (18.4)	35 (33.3)	< 0.001
No	1278 (80.6)	1208 (81.6)	70 (66.7)
Diabetes mellitus
Yes	113 (7.1)	93 (6.3)	20 (19)	< 0.001
No	1472 (92.9)	1387 (93.7)	85 (81)
Family history of CRC
Yes	100 (6.8)	100 (6.8)	7 (6.7)	0.972
No	1478 (93.2)	1380 (93.2)	98 (93.3)

¹Comparison between groups with sessile serrated lesions and no polyps. CRC: Colorectal cancer; OR: Odd ratio; CI: confidence interval; SSLs: Sessile serrated lesions.

Table 2 Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis of factors associated with sessile serrated lesions

Risk factors	Univariable			Multivariable
	OR	95%CI	P value	OR	95%CI	P value
Male	2.335	1.556-3.503	< 0.001	2.032	1.204-3.429	0.008
Age ≥ 40	3.856	1.929-7.711	< 0.001	3.303	1.607-6.790	0.001
Obesity	1.394	0.873-2.226	0.162	1.105	0.679-1.799	0.688
Smoking	2.637	1.733-4.012	< 0.001	1.519	0.896-2.577	0.121
Alcohol consumption	1.825	1.093-3.048	0.020	1.310	0.738-2.326	0.356
Hypertension	2.221	1.450-3.402	< 0.001	1.650	1.045-2.605	0.031
Diabetes mellitus	3.509	2.065-5.964	< 0.001	2.721	1.551-4.772	< 0.001

OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.

Table 3 Endoscopic characteristics of sessile serrated lesions, n (%)

Characteristics	SSLs, n = 121
Location
Proximal	85 (70.2)
Distal	36 (29.8)
Size (mm)
≤ 5	40 (33.1)
6-10	55 (45.5)
11-20	24 (19.8)
> 20	2 (1.7)
Shape (Paris classification)
0-Is	84 (69.4)
0-Ip	12 (9.9)
0-IIa	23 (19)
0-IIb	2 (1.7)
JNET type
JNET 1	64 (52.9)
JNET 2A	56 (46.3)
JNET 2B	1 (0.8)

JNET: Japan NBI Expert Team; SSLs: Sessile serrated lesions.

Table 4 Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis of factors associated with BRAF mutation in sessile serrated lesions

Factors	SSLs without BRAF mutation (n = 80), n (%)	SSLs with BRAF mutation (n = 41), n (%)	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
			OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
Age < 60	15 (34.9)	42 (53.8)	2.178 (1.009-4.699)	0.045	2.118 (0.935-4.797)	0.072
Proximal localization	51 (65.4)	34 (79.1)	2 (0.383-4.775)	0.115	1.967 (0.777-4.979)	0.153
Size ≥ 10 mm	40 (51.3)	15 (34.9)	0.509 (0.236-1.097)	0.083	0.875 (0.368-2.082)	0.762
Flat morphology	12 (15.4)	13 (30.2)	2.383 (0.973-5.836)	0.054	1.766 (0.646-4.826)	0.268
No dysplasia	53 (67.9)	19 (44.2)	2.627 (1.219-5.663)	0.013	2.020 (0.880-4.633)	0.097

SSLs: Sessile serrated lesions; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.