Transarterial chemoembolization plus lenvatinib with or without protein-1 inhibitor for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus

Figure 1 Flow diagram of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus patients treated with transarterial arterial chemoembolization combined with lenvatinib plus death protein-1 inhibitors or transarterial arterial chemoembolization combined with lenvatinib therapy. ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; HCC-PVTT: Hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus; PSM: Propensity score matching; TACE: Transarterial arterial chemoembolization; TACE-L-P: Transarterial arterial chemoembolization combined with lenvatinib plus death protein-1 inhibitors; TACE-L: Transarterial arterial chemoembolization combined with lenvatinib.

Figure 2 Kaplan-Meier analyses. A: Overall survival; B: Progression-free survival according to treatment groups after propensity score matching. EH: Emergency hepatectomy; PSM: Propensity score matching; SH: Staged hepatectomy; TACE-L: Transarterial chemoembolization combined with lenvatinib; TACE-L-P: Transarterial arterial chemoembolization combined with lenvatinib plus death protein-1 inhibitors.

Figure 3 Comparison of objective response rate and disease control rate. A: Comparison of objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) between transarterial arterial chemoembolization combined with lenvatinib plus death protein-1 inhibitors (TACE-L-P) and transarterial chemoembolization combined with lenvatinib groups based on Modified Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors criteria after propensity score matching; B: Comparison of ORR and DCR within the TACE-L-P group stratified by programmed death ligand-1 inhibitors (Sintilimab vs Camrelizumab/Tislelizumab). CR: Complete response; DCR: Disease control rate; HCC-PVTT: Hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus; ORR: Objective response rate; PD: Death protein; PD-L1: Programmed death ligand-1; PR: Partial response; SD: Stable disease; TACE-L: Transarterial chemoembolization combined with lenvatinib; TACE-L-P: Transarterial arterial chemoembolization combined with lenvatinib plus death protein-1 inhibitors.

Figure 4 Univariate and multivariate analysis. A: Overall survival after propensity score matching; B: Univariate and multivariate analysis of progression-free survival after propensity score matching. AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; HbsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; HR: Hazard ratio; TACE-L: Transarterial chemoembolization combined with lenvatinib; TACE-L-P: Transarterial arterial chemoembolization combined with lenvatinib plus death protein-1 inhibitors; TBIL: Total bilirubin.