Minireviews
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World J Clin Oncol. Jan 24, 2024; 15(1): 23-31
Published online Jan 24, 2024. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v15.i1.23
Uveal melanoma: Recent advances in immunotherapy
Francesco Saverio Sorrentino, Francesco De Rosa, Patrick Di Terlizzi, Giacomo Toneatto, Andrea Gabai, Lucia Finocchio, Carlo Salati, Leopoldo Spadea, Marco Zeppieri
Francesco Saverio Sorrentino, Patrick Di Terlizzi, Department of Surgical Sciences, Unit of Ophthalmology, Ospedale Maggiore, Bologna 40100, Italy
Francesco De Rosa, Department of Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori “Dino Amadori”, Meldola 47014, Italy
Giacomo Toneatto, Andrea Gabai, Lucia Finocchio, Carlo Salati, Marco Zeppieri, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
Leopoldo Spadea, Eye Clinic, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome 00142, Italy
Author contributions: De Rosa F and Zeppieri M wrote the outline; De Rosa F assisted in the revisions of the manuscript; Salati C and Spadea L assisted in the editing of the manuscript; Zeppieri M assisted in the conception and design of the study, and completed the English and scientific editing (a native English speaking MD, PhD); Sorrentino FS, De Rosa F, Di Terlizzi P, Toneatto G, Gabai A, Finocchio L, Salati C, Spadea L, and Zeppieri M participated in the manuscript writing; Sorrentino FS, De Rosa F, Di Terlizzi P, Toneatto G, and Gabai A contributed to the research; Sorrentino FS and Zeppieri M provided the final approval of the version of the article.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Marco Zeppieri, BSc, MD, PhD, Doctor, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, p.le S. Maria della Misericordia 15, Udine 33100, Italy. markzeppieri@hotmail.com
Received: November 1, 2023
Peer-review started: November 1, 2023
First decision: November 29, 2023
Revised: December 7, 2023
Accepted: January 2, 2024
Article in press: January 2, 2024
Published online: January 24, 2024
Core Tip

Core Tip: Our minireview will cover the latest studies about immunotherapy for uveal melanoma (UM) metastatic disease. Driver genes and oncogenic mutations have been largely investigated. Up to half of affected patients develop metastases that are the leading single cause of death after diagnosis of UM. Precise systemic therapy addressing metastatic UM and significantly improving the surveillance is not available for each single case. However, identifying predictive factors, achieving international consensus on surveillance protocols, aiming to inactivate micrometastases, and standardizing outcomes would be crucial to be able to effectively cure metastatic UM.